State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, PR China.
Foshan Xianhu Laboratory of the Advanced Energy Science and Technology Guangdong Laboratory, Foshan 528216, PR China.
Science. 2021 Jun 18;372(6548):1327-1332. doi: 10.1126/science.abh1035.
Upscaling efficient and stable perovskite layers is one of the most challenging issues in the commercialization of perovskite solar cells. Here, a lead halide-templated crystallization strategy is developed for printing formamidinium (FA)-cesium (Cs) lead triiodide perovskite films. High-quality large-area films are achieved through controlled nucleation and growth of a lead halide•-methyl-2-pyrrolidone adduct that can react in situ with embedded FAI/CsI to directly form α-phase perovskite, sidestepping the phase transformation from δ-phase. A nonencapsulated device with 23% efficiency and excellent long-term thermal stability (at 85°C) in ambient air (~80% efficiency retention after 500 hours) is achieved with further addition of potassium hexafluorophosphate. The slot die-printed minimodules achieve champion efficiencies of 20.42% (certified efficiency 19.3%) and 19.54% with an active area of 17.1 and 65.0 square centimeters, respectively.
提高高效稳定的钙钛矿层是钙钛矿太阳能电池商业化面临的最具挑战性的问题之一。在这里，开发了一种卤化铅模板结晶策略，用于打印甲脒（FA）-铯（Cs）碘化铅钙钛矿薄膜。通过控制卤化铅•-N-甲基-2-吡咯烷酮加合物的成核和生长，实现了高质量的大面积薄膜，该加合物可以与嵌入的 FA/CsI 原位反应，直接形成α相钙钛矿，避免了从δ相到α相的转变。进一步添加六氟磷酸钾后，非封装器件的效率达到了 23%，在环境空气中具有优异的长期热稳定性（在 500 小时后效率保持在 80%左右）。狭缝模头印刷的微型组件的效率分别达到了 20.42%（经认证的效率为 19.3%）和 19.54%，活性面积分别为 17.1 和 65.0 平方厘米。
