Infectious Diseases Service, Department of Medicine, Brooke Army Medical Center, JBSA-Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234, USA.
Trainee Health Surveillance, JBSA-Lackland, TX 78236, USA.
Mil Med. 2021 Aug 28;186(9-10):984-987. doi: 10.1093/milmed/usab247.
Basic Military Training at Joint Base San Antonio-Lackland implemented several sequential non-pharmaceutical interventions in response to coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19). One measure, arrival quarantine, has not been studied as a modern military disease prevention strategy. This study aimed to determine the effect of a 14-day arrival quarantine on symptomatic COVID-19 testing.
A retrospective cohort study compared symptomatic COVID-19 testing among all trainees who entered Basic Military Training between March 17, 2020, and April 17, 2020, before the implementation of universal arrival COVID-19 testing, during their first 2 weeks in arrival quarantine compared to the rest of their training. Furthermore, symptomatic COVID-19 testing in the last 5 weeks of training in those who completed arrival quarantine was compared to testing in the last 5 weeks for trainees who arrived between February 16, 2020, and March 16, 2020, and did not undergo arrival quarantine. Nominal variables were compared by chi-square test, and continuous variables were compared by Mann-Whitney U test. This study was approved as a public health surveillance project by the 59th Medical Wing Institutional Review Board.
Five thousand five hundred and seventy-six trainees started training between February 16, 2020, and April 17, 2020, with 2,573 trainees undergoing an arrival quarantine compared to 3,003 trainees who did not. Trainees who underwent arrival quarantine had higher rates of COVID-19 testing while in arrival quarantine (10.5 tests per 1,000 trainee-weeks vs. 2.3, P ≤ .001) and higher rates of concomitant influenza testing (74% vs. 38%, P = .001) compared to after they completed quarantine. Trainees that completed quarantine had less symptomatic COVID-19 testing after day 14 of training (2.3 tests per 1,000 trainee-weeks vs. 14.3, P ≤ .001) and influenza testing (38% vs. 74%, P = .001) compared to trainees that did not undergo arrival quarantine.
Arrival quarantine appears to be an effective non-pharmaceutical intervention associated with fewer symptomatic COVID-19 tests, especially after completion of quarantine.
圣安东尼奥-拉克兰联合基地（Joint Base San Antonio-Lackland）实施了几项连续的非药物干预措施，以应对 2019 年冠状病毒病（COVID-19）。其中一项措施，到达隔离，尚未作为现代军事疾病预防策略进行研究。本研究旨在确定 14 天到达隔离对有症状的 COVID-19 检测的影响。
回顾性队列研究比较了 2020 年 3 月 17 日至 4 月 17 日期间进入基础军事训练的所有新兵在实施普遍到达 COVID-19 检测之前和到达隔离的头两周内与其余训练期间的有症状 COVID-19 检测。此外，比较了完成到达隔离的新兵在训练的最后 5 周内的有症状 COVID-19 检测与在 2020 年 2 月 16 日至 3 月 16 日之间到达且未进行到达隔离的新兵在训练的最后 5 周内的检测。名义变量通过卡方检验进行比较，连续变量通过曼-惠特尼 U 检验进行比较。本研究经 59 医疗联队机构审查委员会批准为公共卫生监测项目。
2020 年 2 月 16 日至 4 月 17 日期间，5576 名新兵开始接受培训，其中 2573 名新兵接受了到达隔离，3003 名新兵未接受到达隔离。接受到达隔离的新兵在到达隔离期间（每 1000 名受训人员-周 10.5 次检测）和同时进行流感检测的比例（74%）均高于隔离结束后的新兵（每 1000 名受训人员-周 2.3 次检测，P≤0.001）。完成隔离的新兵在培训的第 14 天之后，有症状的 COVID-19 检测次数（每 1000 名受训人员-周 2.3 次检测）和流感检测次数（38%）均低于未接受到达隔离的新兵（P≤0.001）。
到达隔离似乎是一种有效的非药物干预措施，与较少的有症状 COVID-19 检测相关，特别是在隔离结束后。
Zotero 插件