Programa de Ecofisiología Aplicada, Instituto de Ecología y Desarrollo Sustentable (PRODEA, INEDES-CONICET), Departamento de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad Nacional de Lujan, P.O. Box 221, B6700ZBA Luján, Argentina.
Programa de Ecofisiología Aplicada, Instituto de Ecología y Desarrollo Sustentable (PRODEA, INEDES-CONICET), Departamento de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad Nacional de Lujan, P.O. Box 221, B6700ZBA Luján, Argentina.
Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol. 2021 Oct;248:109109. doi: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2021.109109. Epub 2021 Jun 18.
Acute toxicity assays in freshwater fishes are used in diverse local and regional regulations. Lethality is a complex biological process, depending on both extrinsic and intrinsic factors. The extrinsic parameters (pH, temperature, hardness and alkalinity, among others) have been widely studied and their influence on toxicity has been well characterized. In contrast, less attention has been given to intrinsic parameters (body size, sex, life habits) and their influence on toxicological sensitivity is poorly known. This work is focused on the effect of intrinsic parameters on lethality. For this purpose, we systematically reviewed experimental studies that reported data on acute lethality (LC50-96 h) of cadmium to freshwater fishes. We studied the allometric relationship between reported body weight and lethality, and the influence of the respiratory strategy and adaptation to extremely low-ionic strength environments on the sensitivity of fishes to cadmium. We observed a strong relationship between LC50-96 h and body weight. The fish group adapted to low-ionic strength water (OF) showed the highest sensitivity to cadmium, with the allometric constants being a = 0.0045 and b = -1.11, while the group of air-breathing fishes such as Channa marulius and Hepteroneustes fossillis exhibited the lowest sensitivity, with the allometric constants being a = 42.04 and b = -0.44.The effect of the intrinsic parameters can be easily combined with known toxicological models, thus contributing to the construction of models suitable for a wider range of species.
淡水鱼类急性毒性试验被广泛应用于地方和区域法规中。致死率是一个复杂的生物学过程，取决于外在和内在因素。外在参数（如 pH 值、温度、硬度和碱度等）已经得到了广泛的研究，其对毒性的影响也得到了很好的描述。相比之下，内在参数（如体型、性别、生活习性）及其对毒理学敏感性的影响则较少受到关注。这项工作主要关注内在参数对致死率的影响。为此，我们系统地回顾了报告有关镉对淡水鱼类急性致死性（96 小时半数致死浓度，LC50）数据的实验研究。我们研究了报告体重与致死率之间的异速关系，以及呼吸策略和适应极低离子强度环境对鱼类对镉敏感性的影响。我们观察到 LC50-96 h 与体重之间存在很强的关系。适应低离子强度水（OF）的鱼类群体对镉表现出最高的敏感性，其异速常数为 a=0.0045 和 b=-1.11，而像攀鲈和纹唇攀鲈这样的空气呼吸鱼类群体则表现出最低的敏感性，其异速常数为 a=42.04 和 b=-0.44。内在参数的影响可以很容易地与已知的毒理学模型相结合，从而有助于构建适用于更广泛物种的模型。
