Liu Wen-Bin, Wang Min-Meng, Dai Liu-Ye, Dong Sheng-Hua, Yuan Xiu-Dan, Yuan Shu-Li, Tang Yi, Liu Jin-Hui, Peng Liang-Yue, Xiao Ya-Mei
State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China.
College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China.
Front Physiol. 2021 Jun 4;12:666363. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2021.666363. eCollection 2021.
Previous research has indicated that triploid crucian carp (3n fish) have preferential resistance to cadmium (Cd) compared to . (2n fish). In this article, comparative research is further conducted between the 2n and 3n fish in terms of the immune response to Cd-induced stress. Exposure to 9 mg/L Cd for 96 h changed the hepatic function indexes remarkably in the 2n fish, but not in the 3n fish. In the serum of Cd-treated 2n fish, the levels of alanine amino transferase, aspartate aminotransferase, adenosine deaminase, and total bilirubin significantly increased, while the levels of total protein, albumin, lysozyme, and anti-superoxide anion radicals decreased demonstrating hepatotoxicity. By analysis of transcriptome profiles, many immune-related pathways were found to be involved in the response of 3n fish to the Cd-induced stress. Expression levels of the immune genes, including the interleukin genes, tumor necrosis factor super family member genes, chemokine gene, toll-like receptor gene, and inflammatory marker cyclooxygenase 2 gene were significantly enhanced in the hepatopancreas of the Cd-treated 3n fish. In contrast, the expression levels of these genes decreased in the 2n fish. This research provides a theoretical basis for polyploid fish breeding and is helpful for the ecological restoration of water due to pollution.
先前的研究表明，与二倍体鲫鱼（2n鱼）相比，三倍体鲫鱼（3n鱼）对镉（Cd）具有优先抗性。在本文中，进一步对2n和3n鲫鱼在镉诱导应激的免疫反应方面进行了比较研究。2n鲫鱼暴露于9 mg/L Cd 96小时后，肝功能指标显著变化，但3n鲫鱼未出现这种情况。在经镉处理的2n鲫鱼血清中，丙氨酸转氨酶、天冬氨酸转氨酶、腺苷脱氨酶和总胆红素水平显著升高，而总蛋白、白蛋白、溶菌酶和抗超氧阴离子自由基水平降低，表明存在肝毒性。通过转录组图谱分析，发现许多免疫相关途径参与了3n鲫鱼对镉诱导应激的反应。在经镉处理的3n鲫鱼肝胰脏中，包括白细胞介素基因、肿瘤坏死因子超家族成员基因、趋化因子基因、Toll样受体基因和炎症标志物环氧化酶2基因在内的免疫基因表达水平显著增强。相比之下，这些基因在2n鲫鱼中的表达水平下降。本研究为多倍体鱼类育种提供了理论依据，有助于受污染水体的生态修复。
