Department of Education, Languages, Intercultures, Literatures and Psychology, University of Florence, Italy.
Department of Education, University of Cantabria, Spain.
Br J Educ Psychol. 2021 Dec;91(4):1498-1516. doi: 10.1111/bjep.12432. Epub 2021 Jun 21.
We investigated the association between thinking dispositions and two outcomes of multiple-texts comprehension: integration of conflicting information in argumentative essays; and recall of inferential information as an index of deep comprehension. We focused on two thinking dispositions, need for cognition (NFC) and actively open-minded thinking (AOT), as relevant individual differences in the processes involved in multiple-texts comprehension. NFC is the tendency to engage in and enjoy cognitively demanding activities, whereas AOT is the tendency to rationally evaluate arguments and supporting evidence, without being influenced by biases from one's own prior beliefs and prior knowledge. 73 university students completed perceived topic knowledge, perceived exposure to argumentative writing, and perceived competence in argumentative writing, NFC and AOT questionnaires, read two contradictory texts, wrote an argumentative essay, and recalled the information read 1 month later. Argumentative essays were assessed by length and level of integration of conflicting perspective. Text recalls were assessed by number of valid inferences included. Research questions were investigated through a path analysis model. The path analysis model had a good fit. NFC was indirectly associated with argumentation quality of the essay via the essay length. AOT was directly associated with the inferences included in the recall task. The present study contributes to the literature on multiple-texts comprehension by emphasizing the role of thinking dispositions.
在议论文中整合冲突信息；以及作为深层理解指标的推理信息的回忆。我们关注两种思维倾向，即认知需求（NFC）和积极开放思维（AOT），因为它们是多文本理解过程中涉及的相关个体差异。NFC 是参与和享受认知要求高的活动的倾向，而 AOT 是理性评估论点和支持证据的倾向，不受自己先前信念和先前知识偏见的影响。73 名大学生完成了感知主题知识、感知议论文写作暴露度和感知议论文写作能力、NFC 和 AOT 问卷、阅读两篇相互矛盾的文本、写一篇议论文、并在 1 个月后回忆阅读的信息。议论文的评估标准是对冲突观点的整合程度和长度。文本回忆的评估标准是包含的有效推理数量。通过路径分析模型研究了研究问题。路径分析模型拟合度良好。NFC 通过文章长度间接与议论文的质量相关联。AOT 与回忆任务中包含的推理直接相关。本研究通过强调思维倾向的作用，为多文本理解文献做出了贡献。
