Osterlind A, Tucker M A, Stone B J, Jensen O M
Danish Cancer Society, Danish Cancer Registry, Institute of Cancer Epidemiology, Copenhagen.
Int J Cancer. 1988 Sep 15;42(3):319-24. doi: 10.1002/ijc.2910420303.
A population-based case-control study of 474 patients with cutaneous malignant melanoma and 926 population controls, conducted in East Denmark over a 3-year period, included an evaluation of the relationship of UV-light exposure to cutaneous melanoma risk. Patients with lentigo maligna melanoma were not included. Significantly increased risk was associated with severe sunburn before age 15 (RR = 2.7 for 5 + vs. never), sunbathing (RR = 1.6), boating (RR = 1.4) and vacations spent in the sun (RR = 1.4 for very sunny vs. never). A significant decrease in risk was associated with occupational exposure during the summer in males (RR = 0.7), and no association with cutaneous microtopography was seen. These findings were independent of the effects of constitutional risk factors (naevi, freckles and light hair colour). No association was found between the risk of cutaneous melanoma and exposure to artificial UV-light (fluorescent light, sun lamps, or sun beds). No significant difference was found between superficial spreading melanoma and nodular melanoma with regard to any of the sun exposure variables. Our data indicate that exposure to intermittent intense sunlight is an important risk factor for cutaneous malignant melanoma, while long-term continuous exposure does not appear to be risk factor.
在丹麦东部进行的一项为期3年的基于人群的病例对照研究，纳入了474例皮肤恶性黑色素瘤患者和926名人群对照，其中评估了紫外线暴露与皮肤黑色素瘤风险的关系。恶性雀斑样痣黑色素瘤患者未纳入研究。15岁前严重晒伤（5次及以上晒伤与从未晒伤相比，相对危险度RR = 2.7）、日光浴（RR = 1.6）、划船（RR = 1.4）以及在阳光下度假（阳光非常充足与从未在阳光下度假相比，RR = 1.4）与风险显著增加相关。男性夏季职业暴露与风险显著降低相关（RR = 0.7），且未发现与皮肤微观形态有关联。这些发现独立于体质性风险因素（痣、雀斑和浅色头发）的影响。未发现皮肤黑色素瘤风险与人工紫外线暴露（荧光灯、太阳灯或日光浴床）之间存在关联。在任何阳光暴露变量方面，浅表扩散型黑色素瘤和结节型黑色素瘤之间未发现显著差异。我们的数据表明，间歇性强烈阳光暴露是皮肤恶性黑色素瘤的一个重要风险因素，而长期持续暴露似乎不是风险因素。
