Janson-Bjerklie S, Shnell S
Department of Physiological Nursing, University of California, San Francisco.
Heart Lung. 1988 Sep;17(5):543-9.
Self-care is an important issue in the management of adults with asthma. Little is known about the specific strategies used by people with asthma to control symptoms and abort asthma attacks. The purpose of this study was to identify self-care strategies used to control asthma symptoms and to determine the effect of peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR) information on selection of self-care strategies. Thirty adult subjects with asthma were randomly assigned to either a control or an experimental group; 28 completed the study. All subjects recorded episodes of dyspnea, wheezing, and chest tightness and self-care actions in an asthma symptom diary. The experimental group recorded PEFR at the beginning and end of each symptom episode. Reported strategies were categorized into problem-focused, emotion-focused, or mixed self-care strategies. The experimental group, with access to PEFR information, used medication significantly less often than the control group. The experimental group also reported fewer and less frequent uses of alternative nondrug strategies.
自我护理是成年哮喘患者管理中的一个重要问题。关于哮喘患者控制症状和中止哮喘发作所采用的具体策略，人们了解甚少。本研究的目的是确定用于控制哮喘症状的自我护理策略，并确定呼气峰值流速（PEFR）信息对自我护理策略选择的影响。30名成年哮喘患者被随机分为对照组或实验组；28名完成了研究。所有受试者在哮喘症状日记中记录呼吸困难、喘息和胸闷发作情况以及自我护理行为。实验组在每个症状发作开始和结束时记录PEFR。报告的策略分为以问题为中心、以情绪为中心或混合的自我护理策略。能够获取PEFR信息的实验组使用药物的频率明显低于对照组。实验组还报告使用替代性非药物策略的次数更少且频率更低。
