Zhan Huali, Zheng Chunmei, Zhang Xianqin, Yang Meng, Zhang Lin, Jia Xu
Department of Humanities and Social Sciences, Zhejiang Industry Polytechnic College, Shaoxing, China.
Department of Psychiatry, The Seventh People's Hospital of Shaoxing, Shaoxing, China.
Front Psychiatry. 2021 Jun 10;12:615390. doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2021.615390. eCollection 2021.
The outbreak of COVID-19 at the end of 2019 has had a significant impact on people. While attention is paid to the immense physical harm it has caused, the psychological impact should not be underestimated. The main purpose of this study was to explore the stress, anxiety, and depression levels of different groups of college students during the COVID-19 pandemic. We conducted an online questionnaire survey of college students by using the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-10), the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 items (PHQ-9), and the Self-rating Anxiety Scale (SAS). A total of 1,586 questionnaires were collected and analyzed in R language. The results showed that students with moderate to severe stress (PSS-10 ≥ 14) accounted for 67.50%; the detection rate of depression (PHQ-9 ≥ 5) reached 43.77%; and 20.60% of students had anxiety (SAS standard score ≥ 50). There were significant differences in PSS-10/SAS among different genders, majors, whether returning to school or not, and those with different psychological experiences (negative or positive, < 0.05). It is notable that the median of female, medical student, non-resumption of schooling, and negative experience was higher than that of positive experience ( < 0.05). The results of principal component analysis showed that there were significant differences in PHQ-9, PSS-10, and SAS between the resumption of schooling group and the non-resumption group. Therefore, it is inferred that the stress and anxiety level of college students during the COVID-19 pandemic is generally high, especially for those who have not yet resumed school. Long-term negative emotions can easily lead to serious mental diseases such as cognitive impairment. Education departments should attach great importance to the mental health of college students, and it is necessary to provide precise psychological interventions for groups experiencing greater pressure levels and marked anxiety and depression.
2019年末新冠疫情的爆发对人们产生了重大影响。在关注其所造成的巨大身体伤害的同时，其心理影响也不应被低估。本研究的主要目的是探讨新冠疫情期间不同大学生群体的压力、焦虑和抑郁水平。我们使用感知压力量表（PSS - 10）、患者健康问卷9项版（PHQ - 9）和自评焦虑量表（SAS）对大学生进行了在线问卷调查。共收集了1586份问卷，并使用R语言进行分析。结果显示，中度至重度压力（PSS - 10≥14）的学生占67.50%；抑郁检出率（PHQ - 9≥5）达到43.77%；20.60%的学生有焦虑（SAS标准分≥50）。不同性别、专业、是否返校以及有不同心理经历（消极或积极，P < 0.05）的学生在PSS - 10/SAS上存在显著差异。值得注意的是，女性、医学生、未返校以及有消极经历的学生中位数高于积极经历的学生（P < 0.05）。主成分分析结果显示，返校组和未返校组在PHQ - 9、PSS - 10和SAS上存在显著差异。因此，推断新冠疫情期间大学生的压力和焦虑水平普遍较高，尤其是尚未返校的学生。长期的负面情绪容易导致认知障碍等严重精神疾病。教育部门应高度重视大学生的心理健康，有必要为压力水平较高以及有明显焦虑和抑郁的群体提供精准的心理干预。
