Kibunja Betty Kiunga, Musembi Horatius Malilu, Kimani Rachel Wangari, Gatimu Samwel Maina
School of Nursing and Midwifery, Aga Khan University, Kenya.
Accident and Emergency Department, Kenyatta National Hospital, Kenya.
Saf Health Work. 2021 Jun;12(2):249-254. doi: 10.1016/j.shaw.2021.01.005. Epub 2021 Jan 23.
Workplace violence (WPV) is a major occupational and health hazard for nurses. It affects nurses' physical and psychological well-being and impacts health service delivery. We aimed to assess the prevalence and describe the consequences of WPV experienced by nurses working in an emergency department in Kenya.
We conducted a descriptive cross-sectional study among emergency nurses at one of the largest tertiary hospitals in Kenya. We collected data using a structured questionnaire adapted from the 'WPV in the Health Sector, Country Case Studies Research Instruments' questionnaire. We described the prevalence and effects of WPV using frequencies and percentages.
Of the 82 participating nurses, 64.6% were female, 57.3% were married and 65.8% were college-educated (65.8%). Participants' mean age was 33.8 years (standard deviation: 6.8 years, range: 23-55). The overall lifetime prevalence of WPV was 81.7% ( = 67, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 71.6%-88.8%) and the 1-year prevalence was 73.2% ( = 63, 95% CI: 66.3-84.8%). The main WPV included verbal abuse, physical violence, and sexual harassment. Most incidents were perpetrated by patients and their relatives. No action was taken in 50% of the incidents, but 57.1% of physical violence incidents were reported to the hospital security and 28.6% to supervisors. Perpetrators of physical violence were verbally warned (42.9%) and reported to the hospital security (28.6%).
Workplace violence is a significant problem affecting emergency nurses in Kenya. Hospitals should promote workplace safety with zero-tolerance to violence. Nurses should be sensitised on WPV to mitigate violence and supported when they experience WPV.
工作场所暴力（WPV）是护士面临的主要职业和健康危害。它影响护士的身心健康，并对医疗服务的提供产生影响。我们旨在评估肯尼亚一家急诊科护士遭受工作场所暴力的患病率，并描述其后果。
我们在肯尼亚最大的三级医院之一对急诊护士进行了一项描述性横断面研究。我们使用一份根据“卫生部门工作场所暴力，国家案例研究研究工具”问卷改编的结构化问卷收集数据。我们使用频率和百分比来描述工作场所暴力的患病率和影响。
在82名参与的护士中，64.6%为女性，57.3%已婚，65.8%具有大学学历（65.8%）。参与者的平均年龄为33.8岁（标准差：6.8岁，范围：23 - 55岁）。工作场所暴力的终生总体患病率为81.7%（n = 67，95%置信区间[CI]：71.6% - 88.8%），1年患病率为73.2%（n = 63，95% CI：66.3 - 84.8%）。主要的工作场所暴力包括言语辱骂、身体暴力和性骚扰。大多数事件是由患者及其亲属实施的。50%的事件未采取任何行动，但57.1%的身体暴力事件报告给了医院保安，28.6%报告给了上级。身体暴力的肇事者受到了口头警告（42.9%）并报告给了医院保安（28.6%）。
工作场所暴力是影响肯尼亚急诊护士的一个重大问题。医院应促进工作场所安全，对暴力行为零容忍。应提高护士对工作场所暴力的认识，以减轻暴力行为，并在他们遭受工作场所暴力时给予支持。
