BSN, RN, Graduate Student, School of Nursing, Tianjin Medical University, China.
PhD, RN, Associate Professor, School of Nursing, Tianjin Medical University, China.
J Nurs Res. 2021 Jun 29;29(4):e164. doi: 10.1097/JNR.0000000000000440.
Cognitive impairment is prevalent among individuals, especially women, with methamphetamine dependence. Although aerobic exercise has been shown to affect cognitive function in humans and animals, few related studies have focused on subjects with methamphetamine dependence.
The aim of this study was to assess the detoxification-related effects of aerobic exercise on cognitive function in women with methamphetamine dependence.
A randomized controlled trial was used with 98 women with methamphetamine dependence undergoing a detoxification program at a mental hospital. The women were distributed using a computer-generated grouping random method into either the study or control group. The investigator conducting the baseline questionnaire, the neuropsychologist assessing the cognitive function, and the data analyst were blinded to group assignment. In addition to hospital routine care, the study group received an aerobic exercise intervention for 3 months. The control group only received hospital routine care. Attention and working memory were measured using the Trail Making Test and Digit Span Test, verbal memory was measured using Logical Memory (LM) and Memory for Persons Data (MPD), and executive function was measured using the Color-Word Stroop Test.
Forty-nine participants were randomized into each group, and the valid data of 43 participants in the study group and 46 in the control group were analyzed. The study group showed significantly more improvement over time in terms of Digit Span Test, Trail Making Test, LM-delayed, MPD-5 minutes delayed, MPD-30 minutes delayed, and Color-Word Stroop Test than the control group (p < .05). LM-immediate and MPD-immediate scores showed that the effects of time and the interaction between time and group were significant but that the main effect of group was not.
CONCLUSIONS/IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE: Women undergoing detoxification for methamphetamine dependence may practice aerobic exercise to improve attention, working memory, executive function, and parts of verbal memory. Aerobic exercise may be incorporated into detoxification treatment programs to facilitate the recovery of cognitive functions in women.
认知障碍在有甲基苯丙胺依赖的个体中较为普遍，尤其是女性。虽然有氧运动已被证明能影响人和动物的认知功能，但很少有相关研究关注有甲基苯丙胺依赖的受试者。
本研究旨在评估有氧运动对女性甲基苯丙胺依赖脱毒者认知功能的影响。
采用随机对照试验，纳入 98 名在精神病院接受脱毒治疗的女性甲基苯丙胺依赖者。采用计算机分组随机法将女性分配到研究组或对照组。进行基线问卷调查的研究者、评估认知功能的神经心理学家以及数据分析员均对分组情况不知情。除了医院常规护理外，研究组还接受为期 3 个月的有氧运动干预。对照组仅接受医院常规护理。采用连线测试 A 和数字跨度测试评估注意力和工作记忆，采用逻辑记忆（LM）和人物记忆数据（MPD）评估言语记忆，采用颜色-词语斯特鲁普测试评估执行功能。
98 名参与者被随机分为两组，其中研究组 49 人，对照组 49 人，43 名研究组参与者和 46 名对照组参与者的数据有效。与对照组相比，研究组在数字跨度测试、连线测试 A、LM 延迟、MPD-5 分钟延迟、MPD-30 分钟延迟和颜色-词语斯特鲁普测试方面的改善更为显著（p<.05）。LM 即时和 MPD 即时分数表明，时间和时间与组之间的交互作用有显著影响，但组的主要作用不显著。
结论/对实践的启示：接受甲基苯丙胺依赖脱毒治疗的女性可能会通过有氧运动来改善注意力、工作记忆、执行功能和部分言语记忆。有氧运动可以纳入脱毒治疗方案，以促进女性认知功能的恢复。
