Zhang Kunyu, Feng Qian, Fang Zhiwei, Gu Luo, Bian Liming
Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States.
Institute for NanoBioTechnology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States.
Chem Rev. 2021 Sep 22;121(18):11149-11193. doi: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00071. Epub 2021 Jun 30.
Owing to their unique chemical and physical properties, hydrogels are attracting increasing attention in both basic and translational biomedical studies. Although the classical hydrogels with static networks have been widely reported for decades, a growing number of recent studies have shown that structurally dynamic hydrogels can better mimic the dynamics and functions of natural extracellular matrix (ECM) in soft tissues. These synthetic materials with defined compositions can recapitulate key chemical and biophysical properties of living tissues, providing an important means to understanding the mechanisms by which cells sense and remodel their surrounding microenvironments. This review begins with the overall expectation and design principles of dynamic hydrogels. We then highlight recent progress in the fabrication strategies of dynamic hydrogels including both degradation-dependent and degradation-independent approaches, followed by their unique properties and use in biomedical applications such as regenerative medicine, drug delivery, and 3D culture. Finally, challenges and emerging trends in the development and application of dynamic hydrogels are discussed.
由于其独特的化学和物理性质，水凝胶在基础生物医学研究和转化生物医学研究中都受到了越来越多的关注。尽管具有静态网络的经典水凝胶已经被广泛报道了几十年，但最近越来越多的研究表明，结构动态水凝胶能够更好地模拟软组织中天然细胞外基质（ECM）的动态和功能。这些具有明确组成的合成材料可以概括活组织的关键化学和生物物理性质，为理解细胞感知和重塑其周围微环境的机制提供了重要手段。本综述首先介绍了动态水凝胶的总体期望和设计原则。然后，我们重点介绍了动态水凝胶制备策略的最新进展，包括依赖降解和不依赖降解的方法，接着介绍了它们的独特性质以及在再生医学、药物递送和3D培养等生物医学应用中的用途。最后，讨论了动态水凝胶开发和应用中的挑战和新趋势。
