Frączyk Justyna, Magdziarz Sylwia, Stodolak-Zych Ewa, Dzierzkowska Ewa, Puchowicz Dorota, Kamińska Irena, Giełdowska Małgorzata, Boguń Maciej
Institute of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Lodz University of Technology, Zeromskiego 116, 90-924 Lodz, Poland.
Department of Biomaterials and Composites, Faculty of Materials Science and Ceramics, AGH-UST University of Science and Technology, A. Mickiewicza 30, 30-059 Krakow, Poland.
Materials (Basel). 2021 Jun 10;14(12):3198. doi: 10.3390/ma14123198.
It was shown that carbon nonwoven fabrics obtained from polyacrylonitrile fibers (PAN) by thermal conversion may be modified on the surface in order to improve their biological compatibility and cellular response, which is particularly important in the regeneration of bone or cartilage tissue. Surface functionalization of carbon nonwovens containing C-C double bonds was carried out using in situ generated diazonium salts derived from aromatic amines containing both electron-acceptor and electron-donor substituents. It was shown that the modification method characteristic for materials containing aromatic structures may be successfully applied to the functionalization of carbon materials. The effectiveness of the surface modification of carbon nonwoven fabrics was confirmed by the FTIR method using an ATR device. The proposed approach allows the incorporation of various functional groups on the nonwovens' surface, which affects the morphology of fibers as well as their physicochemical properties (wettability). The introduction of a carboxyl group on the surface of nonwoven fabrics, in a reaction with 4-aminobenzoic acid, became a starting point for further modifications necessary for the attachment of RGD-type peptides facilitating cell adhesion to the surface of materials. The surface modification reduced the wettability () of the carbon nonwoven by about 50%. The surface free energy (SFE) in the chemically modified and reference nonwovens remained similar, with the surface modification causing an increase in the polar component (ɣ). The modification of the fiber surface was heterogeneous in nature; however, it provided an attractive site of cell-materials interaction by contacting them to the fiber surface, which supports the adhesion process.
结果表明，通过热转化从聚丙烯腈纤维（PAN）获得的碳无纺布可在表面进行改性，以提高其生物相容性和细胞反应，这在骨或软骨组织再生中尤为重要。使用由含有电子受体和电子供体取代基的芳香胺原位生成的重氮盐，对含有C-C双键的碳无纺布进行表面功能化。结果表明，含芳香结构材料特有的改性方法可成功应用于碳材料的功能化。使用ATR装置通过FTIR方法证实了碳无纺布表面改性的有效性。所提出的方法允许在无纺布表面引入各种官能团，这会影响纤维的形态及其物理化学性质（润湿性）。在与4-氨基苯甲酸的反应中，在无纺布表面引入羧基成为进一步改性的起点，这些改性是附着促进细胞粘附到材料表面的RGD型肽所必需的。表面改性使碳无纺布的润湿性降低了约50%。化学改性无纺布和参比无纺布的表面自由能（SFE）保持相似，表面改性导致极性成分（ɣ）增加。纤维表面的改性本质上是不均匀的；然而，它通过使细胞与纤维表面接触，提供了一个有吸引力的细胞-材料相互作用位点，这有助于粘附过程。
