Falk Neto João Henrique, Parent Eric C, Vleck Veronica, Kennedy Michael D
Athlete Health Lab, Faculty of Kinesiology, Sport, & Recreation, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2H9, Canada.
Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2G4, Canada.
Sports (Basel). 2021 Jun 25;9(7):94. doi: 10.3390/sports9070094.
Little is known about how recreational triathletes prepare for an Olympic distance event. The aim of this study was to identify the training characteristics of recreational-level triathletes within the competition period and assess how their preparation for a triathlon influences their health and their levels of fatigue. During the 6 weeks prior to, and the 2 weeks after, an Olympic distance triathlon, nine recreational athletes (five males, four females) completed a daily training log. Participants answered the Daily Analysis of Life Demands Questionnaire (DALDA), the Training Distress Scale (TDS) and the Alberta Swim Fatigue and Health Questionnaire weekly. The Recovery-Stress Questionnaire (REST-Q) was completed at the beginning of the study, on the day before the competition, and at the end of week 8. Training loads were calculated using session-based rating of perceived exertion (sRPE). The data from every week of training was compared to week 1 to determine how athletes' training and health changed throughout the study. No changes in training loads, duration or training intensity distribution were seen in the weeks leading up to the competition. Training duration was significantly reduced in week 6 ( = 0.041, d = 1.58, 95% CI = 6.9, 421.9), while the number of sessions was reduced in week 6 (Z = 2.32, = 0.02, ES = 0.88) and week 7 (Z = 2.31, = 0.02, ES = 0.87). Training was characterized by large weekly variations in training loads and a high training intensity. No significant changes were seen in the DALDA, TDS or REST-Q questionnaire scores throughout the 8 weeks. Despite large spikes in training load and a high overall training intensity, these recreational-level triathletes were able to maintain their health in the 6 weeks of training prior to an Olympic distance triathlon.
关于业余铁人三项运动员如何为奥运会距离赛事做准备，人们了解甚少。本研究的目的是确定业余水平铁人三项运动员在比赛期间的训练特点，并评估他们为铁人三项赛所做的准备如何影响其健康状况和疲劳程度。在一场奥运会距离铁人三项赛之前的6周以及之后的2周内，9名业余运动员（5名男性，4名女性）完成了每日训练日志。参与者每周回答生活需求每日分析问卷（DALDA）、训练压力量表（TDS）和艾伯塔游泳疲劳与健康问卷。恢复 - 压力问卷（REST - Q）在研究开始时、比赛前一天以及第8周结束时完成。使用基于训练课的主观用力程度评分（sRPE）计算训练负荷。将每周的训练数据与第1周进行比较，以确定运动员的训练和健康状况在整个研究过程中如何变化。在比赛前的几周内，训练负荷、时长或训练强度分布均未出现变化。第6周训练时长显著减少（ = 0.041，d = 1.58，95% CI = 6.9，421.9），而第6周（Z = 2.32， = 0.02，ES = 0.88）和第7周（Z = 2.31， = 0.02，ES = 0.87）的训练课数量减少。训练的特点是每周训练负荷变化大且训练强度高。在整个8周内，DALDA、TDS或REST - Q问卷得分均未出现显著变化。尽管训练负荷大幅波动且总体训练强度较高，但这些业余水平的铁人三项运动员在奥运会距离铁人三项赛之前的6周训练中能够保持健康。
