Manjarres-Hernández Elsa Helena, Arias-Moreno Diana Marcela, Morillo-Coronado Ana Cruz, Ojeda-Pérez Zaida Zarely, Cárdenas-Chaparro Agobardo
Grupo CIDE Competitividad Innovación y Desarrollo empresarial, Universidad Pedagógica y Tecnológica de Colombia, Tunja 150003, Colombia.
Grupo de Investigación BIOPLASMA, Universidad Pedagógica y Tecnológica de Colombia, Tunja 150003, Colombia.
Plants (Basel). 2021 Jun 30;10(7):1339. doi: 10.3390/plants10071339.
Quinoa is an ancestral crop in the Andean region, characterized by its adaptability to different agroclimatic conditions, great nutritional value, and broad genetic variability. A preliminary approach for understanding the genetics of quinoa materials entails a morphologic characterization, which can provide the basis for the selection of materials that satisfy the needs of farmers and consumers. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the phenotypic characteristics of thirty genetic accessions for the selection of outstanding accessions in terms of yield and grain quality. A randomized complete block design was used, with nine replications for each accession under greenhouse conditions. Nine quantitative and twelve qualitative descriptors were evaluated with descriptive analysis, Spearman correlation variance, and multivariate and cluster analysis. The results showed that the accessions with heights greater than the average (>176.72 cm) and long panicles (>57.94 cm) presented lower yields and smaller seed sizes, thus decreasing the grain quality. The multivariate and cluster analyses established groups of accessions with good yields (>62.02 g of seeds per plant) and stable morphological characteristics. The proposed selection index, based on yield components and morphological descriptors, indicated four accessions as potential parents for quinoa breeding programs in Colombia.
藜麦是安第斯地区的一种古老作物，其特点是对不同农业气候条件具有适应性、营养价值高且遗传变异性广泛。了解藜麦材料遗传学的初步方法需要进行形态学表征，这可为选择满足农民和消费者需求的材料提供依据。因此，本研究旨在评估30个遗传种质的表型特征，以便从产量和籽粒质量方面选择优良种质。采用随机完全区组设计，在温室条件下每个种质重复9次。通过描述性分析、斯皮尔曼相关方差以及多元和聚类分析对9个数量性状和12个质量性状指标进行了评估。结果表明，株高高于平均水平（>176.72厘米）且穗长较长（>57.94厘米）的种质产量较低，种子尺寸较小，从而降低了籽粒质量。多元和聚类分析确定了产量高（>每株62.02克种子）且形态特征稳定的种质组。基于产量构成因素和形态学指标提出的选择指数表明，有4个种质可作为哥伦比亚藜麦育种计划的潜在亲本。
