Department of Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences and Health Services, Yazd, Iran.
Parasitology. 2021 Oct;148(12):1434-1446. doi: 10.1017/S0031182021001177. Epub 2021 Jul 5.
Leishmania parasites, the causative agents of leishmaniasis, are protozoan parasites with the ability to modify the signalling pathway and cell responses of their infected host cells. These parasite strategies alter the host cell environment and conditions favouring their replication, survival and pathogenesis. Since microRNAs (miRNAs) are able to post-transcriptionally regulate gene expression processes, these biomolecules can exert critical roles in controlling Leishmania-host cell interplay. Therefore, the identification of relevant miRNAs differentially expressed in Leishmania parasites as well as in infected cells, which affect the host fitness, could be critical to understand the infection biology, pathogenicity and immune response against these parasites. Accordingly, the current review aims to address the differentially expressed miRNAs in both, the parasite and infected host cells and how these biomolecules change cell signalling and host immune responses during infection. A deep understanding of these processes could provide novel guidelines and therapeutic strategies for managing and treating leishmaniasis.
利什曼原虫寄生虫是利什曼病的病原体，它们是具有改变信号通路和感染宿主细胞反应能力的原生动物寄生虫。这些寄生虫策略改变了宿主细胞环境和条件，有利于它们的复制、存活和发病机制。由于 microRNAs（miRNAs）能够在后转录水平上调节基因表达过程，因此这些生物分子可以在控制利什曼原虫与宿主细胞相互作用方面发挥关键作用。因此，鉴定利什曼原虫寄生虫和感染细胞中差异表达的相关 miRNAs，以及这些 miRNA 影响宿主适应性的情况，对于理解感染生物学、致病性和针对这些寄生虫的免疫反应可能至关重要。因此，本综述旨在探讨寄生虫和感染宿主细胞中差异表达的 miRNAs，以及这些生物分子如何在感染过程中改变细胞信号和宿主免疫反应。深入了解这些过程可以为管理和治疗利什曼病提供新的指导方针和治疗策略。
