Paul Pranab, Faruque Md Rayhan, Rahman Md Kaisar, Das Priyanka, Chowdhury Mohammed Yousuf Elahi
Department of Medicine and Surgery, Chattogram Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Chattogram, Bangladesh.
EcoHealth Alliance, New York, NY, 10018 USA.
Vet World. 2021 May;14(5):1080-1092. doi: 10.14202/vetworld.2021.1080-1092. Epub 2021 May 6.
Goat is one of the major livestock species, plays an important role in the economy of Bangladesh. However, the outbreak of different infectious diseases in goats causes high mortality and economic losses due to lack of proper diagnosis and treatment. Conventional culture-based methods for detecting specific pathogens as confirmatory diagnosis are laborious as well as time-consuming in comparison to multiplex polymerase chain reaction (mPCR), by which multiple pathogens can be detected at a time. The present study was aimed to perform faster molecular identification of bacterial pathogens from goats presumed with fever and/or diarrhea and their antimicrobial resistance (AMR) pattern.
A total of 200 blood samples were collected from goats at S. A. Quaderi Teaching Veterinary Hospital (SAQTVH) in Chattogram Veterinary and Animal Sciences University for the period of July 2017-April 2018. DNA was extracted and subsequently, mPCR assay was performed for the screening of several bacterial pathogens ( spp., , , , , , , , and ). An antimicrobial susceptibility test against ten antimicrobials for positive samples of each organism was conducted using the Kirby-Bauer Disk-Diffusion Method on selective media.
, , , and spp. were detected from collected samples and their overall prevalence was 11.5%, 3.5%, 1%, and 20.5%, respectively. The most common clinical signs were mild fever, nasal discharge, dyspnea, and coughing (39.1%) for , diarrhea, convulsion, abdominal pain, and incoordination (57.1%) for , fever, protrusion of tongue, and incoordination (100%) for , and fever, anorexia, dehydration with mucous feces (36.6%) for spp. infection in goats. AntimGentamicinicrobial diagram of showed resistance against Cefotaxime (74%), Cefixime (65%), and Tetracycline (65%); highly sensitive against Amoxicillin (48%), Ciprofloxacin (44%), and Gentamicin (44%). On the other hand, showed highly resistant against Ampicillin (71%), Gentamicin (71%), sensitive against Penicillin (57%), and Cefotaxime (57%). were found to be sensitive to Penicillin (100%) and Cefixime (100%) and spp. showed resistance to Ampicillin (78%) and Amoxicillin (59%) but sensitive to Ciprofloxacin (54%).
This study identified pathogens with their specific clinical signs in goats presumed fever and/or diarrhea through mPCR with their AMR pattern in SAQTVH, Chattogram. Potential risk factors, measuring the strength of association of disease caused by these particular pathogens, were also determined. mPCR may use as an effective tool for rapid detection of pathogens in animal.
山羊是主要家畜品种之一，在孟加拉国经济中发挥着重要作用。然而，由于缺乏适当的诊断和治疗，山羊中不同传染病的爆发导致高死亡率和经济损失。与多重聚合酶链反应（mPCR）相比，传统的基于培养的检测特定病原体作为确诊诊断的方法既费力又耗时，mPCR可一次检测多种病原体。本研究旨在对疑似发热和/或腹泻的山羊的细菌病原体进行更快的分子鉴定及其抗菌耐药性（AMR）模式。
2017年7月至2018年4月期间，从吉大港市兽医与动物科学大学的S.A.夸代里教学兽医医院采集了200份山羊血样。提取DNA，随后进行mPCR检测，以筛选几种细菌病原体（ 属、 属、 属、 属、 属、 属、 属、 属和 属）。使用Kirby-Bauer纸片扩散法在选择性培养基上对每种生物体的阳性样本进行针对十种抗菌药物的药敏试验。
从采集的样本中检测到 属、 属、 属和 属，其总体患病率分别为11.5%、3.5%、1%和20.5%。最常见的临床症状是， 感染山羊时，轻度发热、鼻分泌物、呼吸困难和咳嗽（39.1%）； 感染时，腹泻、抽搐、腹痛和共济失调（57.1%）； 感染时，发热、舌头突出和共济失调（100%）； 属感染时，发热、厌食、脱水伴黏液粪便（36.6%）。 属的抗菌药敏图谱显示对头孢噻肟（74%）、头孢克肟（65%）和四环素（65%）耐药；对阿莫西林（48%）、环丙沙星（44%）和庆大霉素（44%）高度敏感。另一方面， 对氨苄西林（71%）、庆大霉素（71%）高度耐药，对青霉素（57%）和头孢噻肟（57%）敏感。 对青霉素（100%）和头孢克肟（100%）敏感， 属对氨苄西林（78%）和阿莫西林（59%）耐药，但对环丙沙星（54%）敏感。
本研究通过mPCR在吉大港市的S.A.夸代里教学兽医医院对疑似发热和/或腹泻的山羊中的病原体及其特定临床症状以及AMR模式进行了鉴定。还确定了潜在风险因素，测量了由这些特定病原体引起的疾病的关联强度。mPCR可作为动物病原体快速检测的有效工具。
