Li Bingbing, Qiu Huihui, Zheng Ningning, Wu Gaosong, Gu Yu, Zhong Jing, Hong Ying, Ma Junli, Zhou Wen, Sheng Lili, Li Houkai
Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.
Human Phenome Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
Front Cell Dev Biol. 2021 Jun 18;9:680174. doi: 10.3389/fcell.2021.680174. eCollection 2021.
The balance of gut microbiome is essential for maintaining host metabolism homeostasis. Despite widespread antibiotic use, the potential long-term detrimental consequences of antibiotics for host health are getting more and more attention. However, it remains unclear whether diet affects the post-antibiotic recovery of gut microbiome and host metabolism. In this study, through metagenomic sequencing and hepatic transcriptome analysis, we investigated the divergent impacts of short-term vancomycin (Vac), or combination of ciprofloxacin and metronidazole (CM) treatment on gut microbiome and host metabolism, as well as their recovery extent from antibiotic exposure on chow diet (CD) and high-fat diet (HFD). Our results showed that short-term Vac intervention affected insulin signaling, while CM induced more functional changes in the microbiome. However, Vac-induced long-term (45 days) changes of species were more apparent when recovered on CD than HFD. The effects of antibiotic intervention on host metabolism were long-lasting, antibiotic-specific, and diet-dependent. The number of differentially expressed gene was doubled by Vac than CM, but was comparable after recovery on CD as revealed by the hepatic transcriptomic analysis. In contrast, HFD intake during recovery could worsen the extent of post-antibiotic recovery by altering infection, immunity, and cancer-related pathways in short-term Vac-exposed rats and by shifting endocrine system-associated pathways in CM-exposed rats. Together, the presented data demonstrated the long-term recovery extent after different antibiotic exposure was diet-related, highlighting the importance of dietary management during post-antibiotic recovery.
肠道微生物群的平衡对于维持宿主代谢稳态至关重要。尽管抗生素广泛使用，但抗生素对宿主健康潜在的长期有害后果越来越受到关注。然而，饮食是否会影响抗生素治疗后肠道微生物群和宿主代谢的恢复仍不清楚。在本研究中，通过宏基因组测序和肝脏转录组分析，我们研究了短期万古霉素（Vac）或环丙沙星与甲硝唑联合使用（CM）对肠道微生物群和宿主代谢的不同影响，以及它们在普通饮食（CD）和高脂饮食（HFD）条件下从抗生素暴露中恢复的程度。我们的结果表明，短期Vac干预影响胰岛素信号传导，而CM诱导微生物群发生更多功能变化。然而，当在CD上恢复时，Vac诱导的长期（45天）物种变化比在HFD上更明显。抗生素干预对宿主代谢的影响是持久的、抗生素特异性的且依赖于饮食。肝脏转录组分析显示，Vac诱导的差异表达基因数量是CM的两倍，但在CD上恢复后两者相当。相比之下，恢复期间摄入HFD会恶化抗生素治疗后的恢复程度，在短期Vac暴露的大鼠中，通过改变感染、免疫和癌症相关途径，在CM暴露的大鼠中，通过改变内分泌系统相关途径。总之，所呈现的数据表明，不同抗生素暴露后的长期恢复程度与饮食有关，突出了抗生素治疗后恢复期间饮食管理的重要性。
