Arantzamendi María, Sapeta Paula, Collette Nadia, Sesma Ana Baños, Pérez-Solero María Teresa Torres, Echarri Fernando Iribarren, Centeno Carlos
Instituto Cultura y Sociedad (ICS), Universidad de Navarra, Grupo ATLANTES, Pamplona, España.
IdisNA-Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra, Pamplona, España.
Palliat Med Rep. 2021 Feb 8;2(1):34-39. doi: 10.1089/pmr.2020.0079. eCollection 2021.
Emotional exhaustion is a problem many palliative care (PC) professionals face during their activity. Art therapy is emotionally beneficial for palliative patients who experience suffering, but its impact on professionals' experience of suffering has not been researched. To examine the immediate reactions of professionals after an art therapy workshop focused on personal self-care, also considering previously used coping strategies. A four-hour art therapy workshop was designed including a generic qualitative study of participants. Participants were PC professionals and their reactions were examined using an questionnaire with open-ended questions. Descriptive analysis of quantitative variables and thematic analysis of open-ended questions were conducted. Seventeen professionals participated voluntarily. They rated the workshop positively, using words such as "calm" and "relaxation" to express the effects of the workshop, which they considered therapeutic and a source of self-awareness. For some, it allowed them to release emotions; for others, it enabled introspection and opened up a more elaborated emotional response. They thought artistic expression would be useful for their colleagues, or even for their own personal development. In the workshop, professionals opened up and explained how they face intense moments on a day-to-day basis: how they approach the situation, or how they try to control their surroundings; how they disconnect/distance themselves; and how they consider circumstances as a learning process and source of self-nurturing. Participants described art therapy as calming, healing the most intense feelings, and feeding the soul. Professionals reacted immediately with enthusiasm to art therapy, positively assessing its effects. Some attributed effects are in line with daily strategies of connecting with one's inner self. Others are about promoting self-awareness and inner peace, while providing healing opportunities. Art therapy may play a role in self-care for the PC professional, and should be researched further. Research Ethics Committee of the Universidad de Navarra approved the study (Number: 2019.167).
情感耗竭是许多姑息治疗（PC）专业人员在工作过程中面临的一个问题。艺术疗法对遭受痛苦的姑息治疗患者在情感方面有益，但它对专业人员痛苦体验的影响尚未得到研究。为了考察专业人员在以个人自我关怀为主题的艺术疗法工作坊之后的即时反应，同时也考虑他们之前使用的应对策略。设计了一个为期四小时的艺术疗法工作坊，其中包括对参与者的一般性定性研究。参与者为PC专业人员，通过一份带有开放式问题的问卷来考察他们的反应。对定量变量进行描述性分析，对开放式问题进行主题分析。17名专业人员自愿参与。他们对工作坊给予了积极评价，用“平静”和“放松”等词来表达工作坊的效果，他们认为工作坊具有治疗作用且是自我认知的一个来源。对一些人来说，它让他们能够释放情绪；对另一些人来说，它促使他们进行内省并引发更详尽的情感反应。他们认为艺术表达对同事甚至对他们自己的个人发展都有用。在工作坊中，专业人员敞开心扉，解释了他们在日常工作中如何面对紧张时刻：他们如何应对这种情况，或者如何试图控制周围环境；他们如何脱离/远离这种情况；以及他们如何将这些情况视为一个学习过程和自我滋养的来源。参与者将艺术疗法描述为使人平静、治愈最强烈的情感以及滋养心灵。专业人员对艺术疗法立即产生了热情反应，对其效果给予了积极评价。一些归因效果与日常与内心自我建立联系的策略相符。其他效果则是关于促进自我认知和内心平静，同时提供治愈的机会。艺术疗法可能在PC专业人员的自我关怀中发挥作用，应进一步开展研究。纳瓦拉大学研究伦理委员会批准了该研究（编号：2019.167）。
