Deroover Lise, Vázquez-Castellanos Jorge F, Vandermeulen Greet, Luypaerts Anja, Raes Jeroen, Courtin Christophe M, Verbeke Kristin
Department of Chronic Diseases, Metabolism and Ageing, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
Department of Microbiology and Immunology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
Am J Clin Nutr. 2021 Oct 4;114(4):1328-1341. doi: 10.1093/ajcn/nqab196.
Wheat bran (WB) has been associated with improved gastrointestinal health and a reduced risk of metabolic disorders. Reducing the particle size of WB might increase its fermentability and facilitate cross-feeding between the gut bacteria and in this way produce health effects.
We investigated the impact of WB with reduced particle size (WB RPS) on colonic fermentation and host health in normal-weight (NW) and obese (OB) participants compared with placebo (PL).
During 1 mo, 36 NW and 14 OB participants daily consumed 20 g WB RPS or PL (maltodextrin). Before and after the intervention, fasting serum and fecal SCFAs, fecal metabolite profiles, and microbiota composition were measured as fermentation parameters. Fecal output, fecal dry weight (%), fat excretion, transit, stool consistency, intestinal permeability, and serum total cholesterol, triglyceride, and C-reactive protein concentrations were measured as health parameters. The impact of WB RPS on the fermentation of other carbohydrates was assessed by quantifying postprandial cumulative serum 13C-SCFA after a challenge with 13C-inulin.
WB RPS increased fasting serum acetate (P < 0.05) and total SCFA (P < 0.05) concentrations in OB participants. Fasting serum propionate concentrations were lower in OB than in NW participants at baseline (NW: 1.57 ± 0.75 µmol/L; OB: 0.89 ± 0.52 µmol/L; P < 0.01), but not after WB RPS (NW: 1.75 ± 0.77 µmol/L; OB: 1.35 ± 0.63 µmol/L; P = not significant). WB RPS did not enhance colonic fermentation of 13C-inulin and did not affect microbiota composition. Health parameters were not affected by the WB RPS intervention, either in NW or in OB participants.
WB RPS increased fasting serum SCFA concentrations in OB participants. These changes were not associated with beneficial effects on host health.
麦麸（WB）与改善胃肠道健康及降低代谢紊乱风险有关。减小麦麸的颗粒大小可能会增加其发酵性，并促进肠道细菌之间的交叉喂养，从而产生健康效应。
我们研究了与安慰剂（PL）相比，颗粒大小减小的麦麸（WB RPS）对正常体重（NW）和肥胖（OB）参与者结肠发酵和宿主健康的影响。
在1个月的时间里，36名NW参与者和14名OB参与者每天食用20克WB RPS或PL（麦芽糊精）。在干预前后，测量空腹血清和粪便短链脂肪酸（SCFAs）、粪便代谢物谱和微生物群组成作为发酵参数。测量粪便排出量、粪便干重（%）、脂肪排泄、转运、粪便稠度、肠道通透性以及血清总胆固醇、甘油三酯和C反应蛋白浓度作为健康参数。通过在给予13C-菊粉激发后定量餐后累积血清13C-SCFA来评估WB RPS对其他碳水化合物发酵的影响。
WB RPS增加了OB参与者空腹血清乙酸盐（P < 0.05）和总SCFA（P < 0.05）浓度。在基线时，OB参与者的空腹血清丙酸盐浓度低于NW参与者（NW：1.57±0.75微摩尔/升；OB：0.89±0.52微摩尔/升；P < 0.01），但在WB RPS干预后无差异（NW：1.75±0.77微摩尔/升；OB：1.35±0.63微摩尔/升；P = 无显著性差异）。WB RPS未增强13C-菊粉的结肠发酵，也未影响微生物群组成。NW或OB参与者的健康参数均未受到WB RPS干预的影响。
WB RPS增加了OB参与者空腹血清SCFA浓度。这些变化与对宿主健康的有益影响无关。
