Department of Psychology, Bahçeşehir University, İstanbul, Turkey.
Psychol Rep. 2022 Dec;125(6):3126-3140. doi: 10.1177/00332941211018776. Epub 2021 Jul 5.
Retrieval Induced Forgetting (RIF) demonstrates that retrieval of information can lead to forgetting of related information. The standard RIF paradigm involves studying a certain number of category-exemplar pairs; thereafter, half of the exemplars from half of the categories are retrieved. Finally, all studied pairs are recalled. RIF is revealed when unretrieved exemplars from the retrieved categories are more poorly recalled than exemplars from the unretrieved categories. One explanation for RIF asserts that inhibition prevents interference from the exemplars of the same category during the interpolated retrieval practice phase, which leads to forgetting of these items at final recall. An ongoing debate concerns whether this inhibition requires executive control or whether it is automatic. If inhibition in RIF involves executive control, then a task that will exhaust this limited capacity should reduce or eliminate the RIF effect. The effects of concurrent tasks during the retrieval practice phase have been shown to reduce or eliminate RIF, however, to our knowledge, the effects of prior tasks on RIF has not been investigated. In the present study, in one condition, we conducted an exhaustive inhibition task before the retrieval practice phase and compared this condition to the one in which the prior task was non-exhaustive. Results showed that the RIF effect was eliminated when the prior task was exhaustive. The results supported the executive control view for the inhibition mechanism behind RIF and further showed that exhaustion of the executive control capacity can impair inhibition in subsequent tasks.
提取诱发遗忘（RIF）表明，信息的提取会导致相关信息的遗忘。标准的 RIF 范式包括学习一定数量的类别-范例对；之后，从一半的类别中检索一半的范例。最后，所有学习过的对都被回忆起来。当从检索过的类别中未被检索到的范例比未被检索到的类别中的范例回忆得更差时，就会出现 RIF。RIF 的一种解释是，抑制阻止了在插入的检索练习阶段来自同一类别的范例的干扰，这导致了在最终回忆时这些项目的遗忘。一个正在进行的争论是，这种抑制是否需要执行控制，或者它是否是自动的。如果 RIF 中的抑制涉及执行控制，那么一个会耗尽这种有限能力的任务应该会减少或消除 RIF 效应。在检索练习阶段同时进行的任务的影响已经被证明可以减少或消除 RIF，然而，据我们所知，先前任务对 RIF 的影响尚未被研究过。在本研究中，在一种条件下，我们在检索练习阶段之前进行了一项详尽的抑制任务，并将这种条件与之前的非详尽任务条件进行了比较。结果表明，当先前的任务是详尽的时，RIF 效应就被消除了。结果支持了 RIF 背后的抑制机制的执行控制观点，进一步表明，执行控制能力的耗尽会损害后续任务中的抑制。
