Department of Community and Occupational Medicine, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ, Groningen, The Netherlands.
WHO Collaborating Centre for Pharmaceutical Pricing and Reimbursement Policies, Pharmacoeconomics Department, Gesundheit Österreich GmbH (GÖG/Austrian National Public Health Institute), Stubenring 6, 1010, Vienna, Austria.
Appl Health Econ Health Policy. 2022 Jan;20(1):67-77. doi: 10.1007/s40258-021-00670-4. Epub 2021 Jul 6.
There are concerns that high prices of cancer medicines may limit patient access. Since information on prices for cancer medicines and their impact on affordability is lacking for several countries, particularly for lower income countries, this study surveys prices of originator cancer medicines in Europe and Latin America and assesses their affordability.
For 19 cancer medicines, public procurement and ex-factory prices, as of 2017, were surveyed in five Latin American (LATAM) countries (Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Mexico, and Peru) and 11 European countries (Austria, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, the Netherlands, Poland, Romania, Spain, Sweden, and the UK). Price data (public procurement prices in LATAM and ex-factory prices in Europe) in US dollar purchasing power parities (PPP) were analyzed per defined daily dose. Affordability was measured by setting medicines prices in relation to national minimum wages.
The prices of cancer medicines varied considerably between countries. In European countries with higher levels of income, PPP-adjusted prices tended to be lower than in European countries of lower income and LATAM countries. Except for one medicine, all surveyed medicines were considered unaffordable in most countries. In European countries of lower income and LATAM countries, more than 15 days' worth of minimum wages would be required by a worker to purchase one defined daily dose of several of the studied medicines.
The high prices and large unaffordability of cancer medicines call for strengthening pricing policies with the aim of ensuring affordable treatment in cancer care.
人们担心癌症药物的高价可能会限制患者的可及性。由于几个国家，尤其是低收入国家，缺乏有关癌症药物价格及其对可负担性影响的信息，因此本研究调查了欧洲和拉丁美洲（LATAM）地区原产癌症药物的价格，并评估了其可负担性。
对于 19 种癌症药物，本研究调查了截至 2017 年在五个拉丁美洲国家（巴西、智利、哥伦比亚、墨西哥和秘鲁）和 11 个欧洲国家（奥地利、法国、德国、希腊、匈牙利、荷兰、波兰、罗马尼亚、西班牙、瑞典和英国）的公共采购和出厂价格。按每定义日剂量分析以美元购买力平价（PPP）表示的价格数据（LATAM 的公共采购价格和欧洲的出厂价格）。通过将药物价格与国家最低工资挂钩来衡量可负担性。
癌症药物的价格在国家之间存在很大差异。在收入水平较高的欧洲国家，PPP 调整后的价格往往低于收入较低的欧洲国家和 LATAM 国家。除一种药物外，在大多数国家，所有调查的药物都被认为是无法负担的。在收入较低的欧洲国家和 LATAM 国家，工人需要花费超过 15 天的最低工资才能购买几种研究药物的一个定义日剂量。
癌症药物的高价格和大量的不可负担性呼吁加强定价政策，以确保癌症治疗的可负担性。
