Kawashima Itaru, Hiraiwa Hideki, Ishizuka Shinya, Kawai Ryosuke, Hoshino Yushi, Kusaka Yoshiaki, Tsukahara Takashi
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan.
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Asahi University Hospital, Gifu, Japan.
Nagoya J Med Sci. 2021 May;83(2):219-226. doi: 10.18999/nagjms.83.2.219.
This study compared vitamin D sufficiency between indoor and outdoor elite athletes. We also evaluated the association between vitamin D level, body composition, and stress fractures incidence. 27 outdoor elite male collegiate athletes (field hockey players) and 21 indoor elite male collegiate athletes (fencing players) were enrolled. Participants' demographic information including past fractures were recorded. Furthermore, all the athletes' body compositions including percentage of body fat were measured. Blood samples were collected to test serum calcium, phosphorus, and 25(OH)D. levels. Participants were classified into three groups: vitamin D sufficiency (serum 25(OH)D levels of ≥30 ng/ml), vitamin D insufficiency (serum 25(OH)D levels of <30 ng/ml), and vitamin D deficiency (serum 25(OH)D levels of <20 ng/ml). The indoor athletes showed significantly higher mean percentage of body fat than outdoor athletes, 12.2 ± 3.2% and 9.7 ± 3.7%, respectively. The serum 25(OH)D levels of indoor athletes were significantly lower than those of outdoor athletes, 15.3 ± 3.3 ng/mL and 24.9 ± 4.5 ng/ml, respectively (P < 0.001). Furthermore, the indoor athletes showed a significantly higher rate of vitamin D deficiency than the outdoor athletes, 19 of 21 (90.5%) and 5 of 27 (18.5%), respectively (P < 0.001). The cohort of outdoor athletes with stress fractures' history had significantly lower serum 25(OH)D levels than those without history of any fractures, 21.1 ± 4.3 ng/ml and 26.4 ± 3.0 ng/ml, respectively (P < 0.05). In conclusion, a majority of the indoor elite athletes were vitamin D-deficient. The serum 25(OH)D levels were significantly higher in outdoor elite athletes. However, lower serum 25(OH)D levels might be associated with stress fractures among outdoor athletes.
本研究比较了室内和室外优秀运动员的维生素D充足情况。我们还评估了维生素D水平、身体成分与应力性骨折发生率之间的关联。招募了27名室外优秀大学男子运动员（曲棍球运动员）和21名室内优秀大学男子运动员（击剑运动员）。记录了参与者的人口统计学信息，包括既往骨折情况。此外，测量了所有运动员的身体成分，包括体脂百分比。采集血样检测血清钙、磷和25(OH)D水平。参与者被分为三组：维生素D充足（血清25(OH)D水平≥30 ng/ml）、维生素D不足（血清25(OH)D水平<30 ng/ml）和维生素D缺乏（血清25(OH)D水平<20 ng/ml）。室内运动员的平均体脂百分比显著高于室外运动员，分别为12.2±3.2%和9.7±3.7%。室内运动员的血清25(OH)D水平显著低于室外运动员，分别为15.3±3.3 ng/mL和24.9±4.5 ng/ml（P<0.001）。此外，室内运动员的维生素D缺乏率显著高于室外运动员，分别为21例中的19例（90.5%）和27例中的5例（18.5%）（P<0.001）。有应力性骨折病史的室外运动员队列的血清25(OH)D水平显著低于无任何骨折病史的运动员，分别为21.1±4.3 ng/ml和26.4±3.0 ng/ml（P<0.05）。总之，大多数室内优秀运动员存在维生素D缺乏。室外优秀运动员的血清25(OH)D水平显著更高。然而，较低的血清25(OH)D水平可能与室外运动员的应力性骨折有关。
