Lucchetti Mara, Kaminska Mathilda, Oluwasegun Aina Kehinde, Mosig Alexander S, Wilmes Paul
Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine (LCSB), University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg.
Institute of Biochemistry II, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany.
Curr Opin Endocr Metab Res. 2021 Jun;18:94-101. doi: 10.1016/j.coemr.2021.03.003.
The homeostatic relationship between the gut, its microbiome, and the liver is crucial for the regulation of drug metabolism processes. Gut microbes are known to influence human health and disease by enhancing food metabolism and providing a first line of defense against pathogens. In addition to this, the gut microbiome also plays a key role in the processing of exogenous pharmaceutical compounds. Modeling the highly variable luminal gut environment and understanding how gut microbes can modulate drug availability or induce liver toxicity remains a challenge. However, microfluidics-based technologies such as organ-on-chips could overcome current challenges in drug toxicity assessment assays because these technologies are able to better recapitulate complex human responses. Efforts are being made to create multiorgan platforms, tailored for an individual patient's microbial background. These platforms could be used as a tool to predict the effect of the gut microbiome on pharmacokinetics in a personalized way.
肠道、其微生物群与肝脏之间的稳态关系对于药物代谢过程的调节至关重要。已知肠道微生物通过增强食物代谢和提供抵御病原体的第一道防线来影响人类健康和疾病。除此之外，肠道微生物群在外源药物化合物的处理中也起着关键作用。对高度可变的肠道腔内环境进行建模，并了解肠道微生物如何调节药物可用性或诱导肝脏毒性仍然是一项挑战。然而，基于微流控的技术，如芯片器官，能够更好地模拟复杂的人体反应，从而克服当前药物毒性评估试验中的挑战。目前正在努力创建针对个体患者微生物背景量身定制的多器官平台。这些平台可用作以个性化方式预测肠道微生物群对药代动力学影响的工具。
