Department of School of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University.
Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine.
J Oleo Sci. 2021 Aug 5;70(8):1133-1146. doi: 10.5650/jos.ess21040. Epub 2021 Jul 9.
Enzyme-assisted solvent extraction (EASE) of Paeonia suffruticosa Andr. seed oil (PSO) was optimized by response surface methodology (RSM). The fatty acid composition and anti-Alzheimer's disease (AD) activity of PSO were analyzed. An enzyme mixture composed of cellulase and hemicellulase (1:1, w/w) was most effective in determining the extraction yield of PSO. The ideal extraction conditions were a pH value of 5.1, an enzymolysis time of 68 min, and a temperature of 50℃. The average extraction yield of PSO was 38.2 mL/100 g, 37.4% higher than that of untreated peony seed (27.8 mL/100 g). The fatty acid composition of PSO under optimal conditions for EASE was analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The predominant unsaturated fatty acids of PSO were determined to be more than 90.00%, including n-3 α-linolenic acid (43.33%), n-6 linoleic acid (23.40%) and oleic acid (23.59%). In this experiment, the anti-AD effect of PSO was also analyzed by performing learning and memory ability tests with Drosophila. PSO retarded the decrease in climbing ability in AD Drosophila. The 1% and 5% PSO groups were significantly different from the model group ( p < 0.05). The smell short-term memory ability test revealed the number of Drosophila in barrier and barrier-free centrifuge tubes in each group. PSO feeding improved learning and memory in AD Drosophila, with the highest number entering the barrierfree centrifuge tube. The performance index (PI) measured by the Pavlov olfactory avoidance conditioning test also demonstrated the effect of PSO on the learning and memory abilities of Drosophila. The PI of the PSO group was significantly increased compared to that of the model group. HE-stained brain tissue sections of AD Drosophila showed higher neurodegenerative changes, while PSO significantly reduced neurodegenerative damage. These results indicated that PSO can significantly improve the cognitive function of AD Drosophila and may help to prevent AD.
酶辅助溶剂萃取（EASE）优化了牡丹籽油（PSO），采用响应面法（RSM）。分析了 PSO 的脂肪酸组成和抗阿尔茨海默病（AD）活性。纤维素酶和半纤维素酶（1:1，w/w）组成的酶混合物在确定 PSO 的提取率方面最为有效。理想的提取条件为 pH 值 5.1、酶解时间 68 分钟和温度 50℃。PSO 的平均提取率为 38.2 mL/100 g，比未经处理的牡丹籽（27.8 mL/100 g）高 37.4%。在 EASE 的最佳条件下，通过气相色谱-质谱联用（GC-MS）分析了 PSO 的脂肪酸组成。确定 PSO 中主要的不饱和脂肪酸超过 90.00%，包括 n-3 α-亚麻酸（43.33%）、n-6 亚油酸（23.40%）和油酸（23.59%）。在本实验中，还通过果蝇进行学习和记忆能力测试分析了 PSO 的抗 AD 作用。PSO 延缓了 AD 果蝇攀爬能力的下降。1%和 5%的 PSO 组与模型组有显著差异（p<0.05）。气味短期记忆能力测试显示了每组果蝇在有障碍和无障碍离心管中的数量。PSO 喂养改善了 AD 果蝇的学习和记忆能力，进入无障碍离心管的果蝇数量最多。通过巴甫洛夫嗅觉回避条件反射测试测量的表现指数（PI）也证明了 PSO 对果蝇学习和记忆能力的影响。PSO 组的 PI 明显高于模型组。AD 果蝇脑组织切片的 HE 染色显示出更高的神经退行性变化，而 PSO 则显著减少了神经退行性损伤。这些结果表明，PSO 可显著改善 AD 果蝇的认知功能，可能有助于预防 AD。
