School of Agriculture, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, 750021, China.
Key Laboratory of Ruminant Molecular and Cellular Breeding, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, 750021, China.
BMC Genomics. 2021 Jul 12;22(1):532. doi: 10.1186/s12864-021-07653-8.
Cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) are protein kinases regulating important cellular processes such as cell cycle and transcription. Many CDK genes also play a critical role during adipogenic differentiation, but the role of CDK gene family in regulating bovine adipocyte differentiation has not been studied. Therefore, the present study aims to characterize the CDK gene family in bovine and study their expression pattern during adipocyte differentiation.
We performed a genome-wide analysis and identified a number of CDK genes in several bovine species. The CDK genes were classified into 8 subfamilies through phylogenetic analysis. We found that 25 bovine CDK genes were distributed in 16 different chromosomes. Collinearity analysis revealed that the CDK gene family in Bos taurus is homologous with Bos indicus, Hybrid-Bos taurus, Hybrid Bos indicus, Bos grunniens and Bubalus bubalis. Several CDK genes had higher expression levels in preadipocytes than in differentiated adipocytes, as shown by RNA-seq analysis and qPCR, suggesting a role in the growth of emerging lipid droplets.
In this research, 185 CDK genes were identified and grouped into eight distinct clades in Bovidae, showing extensively homology. Global expression analysis of different bovine tissues and specific expression analysis during adipocytes differentiation revealed CDK4, CDK7, CDK8, CDK9 and CDK14 may be involved in bovine adipocyte differentiation. The results provide a basis for further study to determine the roles of CDK gene family in regulating adipocyte differentiation, which is beneficial for beef quality improvement.
细胞周期蛋白依赖性激酶（CDKs）是调节细胞周期和转录等重要细胞过程的蛋白激酶。许多 CDK 基因在脂肪生成分化中也起着关键作用，但 CDK 基因家族在调节牛脂肪细胞分化中的作用尚未得到研究。因此，本研究旨在鉴定牛 CDK 基因家族，并研究其在脂肪细胞分化过程中的表达模式。
我们进行了全基因组分析，在几种牛物种中鉴定出了一些 CDK 基因。通过系统发育分析，将 CDK 基因分为 8 个亚家族。我们发现 25 个牛 CDK 基因分布在 16 条不同的染色体上。共线性分析表明，牛的 CDK 基因家族与印度野牛、杂交瘤牛、杂交瘤印度野牛、瘤牛和水牛同源。RNA-seq 分析和 qPCR 结果显示，一些 CDK 基因在前脂肪细胞中的表达水平高于分化的脂肪细胞，表明它们在新出现的脂滴生长中发挥作用。
在这项研究中，在牛科动物中鉴定出了 185 个 CDK 基因，并分为八个不同的分支，显示出广泛的同源性。对不同牛组织的全基因表达分析和脂肪细胞分化过程中的特异性表达分析表明，CDK4、CDK7、CDK8、CDK9 和 CDK14 可能参与了牛脂肪细胞的分化。这些结果为进一步研究 CDK 基因家族在调节脂肪细胞分化中的作用提供了基础，这有利于牛肉质量的提高。
