中国普通民众对胃癌风险因素、预警症状的认知及胃癌筛查态度的横断面研究。
Awareness of risk factors and warning symptoms and attitude towards gastric cancer screening among the general public in China: a cross-sectional study.
机构信息
School of Nursing, University of South China, Hengyang, China.
Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Tumor Cellular & Molecular Pathology, Cancer Research Institute, University of South China, Hengyang, China.
出版信息
BMJ Open. 2019 Jul 23;9(7):e029638. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2019-029638.
OBJECTIVES
This study aimed to assess the knowledge of risk factors and warning symptoms and attitude towards gastric cancer screening among the general population in China.
SETTING
Hunan province, China PARTICIPANTS: Individuals aged older than 18 years were recruited using a cluster sampling method.
DESIGN
A cross-sectional study, and a pretested structured questionnaire was used to assess participants' awareness of gastric cancer.
PRIMARY AND SECONDARY OUTCOME MEASURES
Knowledge level of risk factors and warning symptoms of gastric cancer, gastric cancer screening attitude, sociodemographic factors associated with gastric cancer knowledge and screening behaviour.
RESULTS
This study comprised 1200 participants with a mean age of 40.31 (SD 16.73) years, of whom 622 (51.8%) were women. The mean score for gastric cancer knowledge was 8.85/22 (SD 6.48). There were 47.0% of the participants who had a low knowledge level about the risk factors and warning symptoms of gastric cancer. In total, 83.8% believed screening is helpful for early detection of gastric cancer, and 15.2% had undergone gastric cancer screening. The most common reason for not undergoing screening was having 'no symptoms' (63.0%), followed by 'fear of undergoing gastroscopy' (38.1%). Independent factors related to lower knowledge levels included male sex, living in rural areas, lower educational level, working as a farmer and without a family history of gastric cancer (p<0.05). Factors independently associated with screening behaviour included white-collar employment, higher income and having upper gastrointestinal tract diseases (p<0.05).
CONCLUSIONS
In China, people have poor knowledge about risk factors and warning symptoms of gastric cancer, but a majority have a positive attitude towards the benefits of gastric cancer screening. Being asymptomatic and having a fear of gastroscopy were the main self-reported reasons for not undergoing screening. These results highlight the urgent need for educational campaigns to improve gastric cancer awareness.
目的
本研究旨在评估中国一般人群对胃癌危险因素和预警症状的知识水平以及对胃癌筛查的态度。
设置
中国湖南省。
参与者
采用整群抽样方法招募年龄大于 18 岁的个体。
设计
横断面研究，使用预测试的结构化问卷评估参与者对胃癌的认识。
主要和次要结局测量
胃癌危险因素和预警症状的知识水平、胃癌筛查态度、与胃癌知识和筛查行为相关的社会人口学因素。
结果
本研究共纳入 1200 名参与者，平均年龄为 40.31（SD 16.73）岁，其中 622 名（51.8%）为女性。胃癌知识平均得分为 8.85/22（SD 6.48）。有 47.0%的参与者对胃癌的危险因素和预警症状的知识水平较低。总的来说，83.8%的人认为筛查有助于早期发现胃癌，15.2%的人接受了胃癌筛查。未进行筛查的最常见原因是“无症状”（63.0%），其次是“害怕进行胃镜检查”（38.1%）。与较低知识水平相关的独立因素包括男性、居住在农村地区、较低的教育水平、务农和没有胃癌家族史（p<0.05）。与筛查行为相关的独立因素包括白领就业、较高的收入和患有上消化道疾病（p<0.05）。
结论
在中国，人们对胃癌的危险因素和预警症状的知识水平较低，但大多数人对胃癌筛查的益处持积极态度。无症状和对胃镜检查的恐惧是自我报告不进行筛查的主要原因。这些结果突出表明迫切需要开展教育活动以提高对胃癌的认识。
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