Department of Dietetics and Nutrition, Kansas University Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA.
Danone Nutricia Research, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
Adv Nutr. 2021 Dec 1;12(6):2085-2098. doi: 10.1093/advances/nmab076.
Infant formula should provide the appropriate nutrients and adequate energy to facilitate healthy infant growth and development. If conclusive data on quantitative nutrient requirements are not available, the composition of human milk (HM) can provide some initial guidance on the infant formula composition. This paper provides a narrative review of the current knowledge, unresolved questions, and future research needs in the area of HM fatty acid (FA) composition, with a particular focus on exploring appropriate intake levels of the essential FA linoleic acid (LA) in infant formula. The paper highlights a clear gap in clinical evidence as to the impact of LA levels in HM or formula on infant outcomes, such as growth, development, and long-term health. The available preclinical information suggests potential disadvantages of high LA intake in the early postnatal period. We recommend performing well-designed clinical intervention trials to create clarity on optimal levels of LA to achieve positive impacts on both short-term growth and development and long-term functional health outcomes.
婴儿配方食品应提供适当的营养和充足的能量，以促进婴儿健康生长和发育。如果没有关于定量营养素需求的确切数据，人乳 (HM) 的成分可以为婴儿配方食品的组成提供一些初步指导。本文对 HM 脂肪酸 (FA) 组成领域的现有知识、未解决的问题和未来的研究需求进行了叙述性综述，特别探讨了婴儿配方食品中必需 FA 亚油酸 (LA) 的适宜摄入量。该文强调了临床证据中存在明显的空白，即 HM 或配方中 LA 水平对婴儿生长、发育和长期健康的影响。现有的临床前信息表明，在出生后早期摄入高 LA 可能存在潜在的不利影响。我们建议进行精心设计的临床干预试验，以明确 LA 的最佳水平，从而对短期生长和发育以及长期功能健康结果产生积极影响。
