Nestlé Institute of Health Sciences, Nestlé Research, Société des Produits Nestlé S.A., 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland.
Nutrients. 2021 Oct 9;13(10):3547. doi: 10.3390/nu13103547.
This work reviews available data on dietary intakes of total fat, saturated fatty acids (SFA) and individual polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) in children in different countries worldwide and for the first time, compares them with recent international recommendations. Studies published before June 2021 reporting total fat, total SFA and individual PUFA intakes in children aged 1-7 y were included. Observed intakes were evaluated against FAO/WHO and EFSA recommendations. 65 studies from 33 countries were included. Fat intake was too low in 88% of studies in young children (1-3 y). SFA intake was >10%E in 69-73% of children, especially in Europe. Linoleic acid intake was <3%E in 24% of studies in 1-2 y olds and within FAO/WHO recommendations among all other ages. Alpha-linolenic acid intake was <0.5%E in almost half of studies. Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) or eicosapentaenoic acid + DHA intakes were below recommendations in most studies. In summary, while total fat intake was too low among younger children, SFA intake was above, especially in Europe and n-3 PUFA intake, especially DHA, were below recommendations for all ages. Intake of n-3 PUFA, especially DHA, is generally suboptimal. More data, particularly from developing countries, are required to refine these findings and guide implementation of adapted nutrition policies.
本研究综述了全球不同国家儿童的总脂肪、饱和脂肪酸（SFA）和特定多不饱和脂肪酸（PUFA）的饮食摄入量，并首次将其与最新的国际建议进行了比较。纳入了报告 1-7 岁儿童总脂肪、总 SFA 和特定 PUFA 摄入量的发表于 2021 年 6 月之前的研究。观察到的摄入量与粮农组织/世卫组织和 EFSA 的建议进行了评估。共纳入了来自 33 个国家的 65 项研究。在 88%的幼儿（1-3 岁）研究中，脂肪摄入量过低。69-73%的儿童 SFA 摄入量>10%E，尤其是在欧洲。24%的 1-2 岁儿童研究中，亚油酸摄入量<3%E，而所有其他年龄段均符合粮农组织/世卫组织的建议。几乎一半的研究中，α-亚麻酸摄入量<0.5%E。在大多数研究中，二十二碳六烯酸（DHA）或二十碳五烯酸+DHA 的摄入量低于建议。总之，虽然幼儿的总脂肪摄入量过低，但 SFA 摄入量过高，尤其是在欧洲，而所有年龄段的 n-3 PUFA 摄入量，尤其是 DHA，均低于建议。n-3 PUFA，尤其是 DHA 的摄入量普遍不足。需要更多的数据，特别是来自发展中国家的数据，以完善这些发现并指导制定适应性营养政策。
