Department of Food Science and Technology, The University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602; email:
Bunge Ingredient Innovation Center, Bradley, Illinois 60915.
Annu Rev Food Sci Technol. 2016;7:139-65. doi: 10.1146/annurev-food-041715-033120.
Human breast milk is generally and universally recognized as the optimal choice for nutrition during the first year of life. In certain cases in which it is not feasible to breast-feed the infant or the breast milk is not sufficient, especially in the case of preterm infants, infant formula is the next best alternative to provide nutrition to nurture the infant. Therefore, it is highly important that the nutrient composition of the infant formula is as close to breast milk as possible for proper growth and development of the infant. However, human milk is a complex dynamic matrix, and therefore significant research has been done and is still ongoing to fully understand and mimic human breast milk, particularly its fat composition. Lipids play a critical role in infant nutrition. A number of advances have been made in infant formula lipid content and composition so that formula can better simulate or mimic the nutritional functions of human maternal milk.
人乳通常被普遍认为是生命最初一年中婴儿最理想的营养来源。在某些情况下，婴儿无法进行母乳喂养或母乳不足，特别是早产儿，婴儿配方奶是提供营养以养育婴儿的次优选择。因此，婴儿配方奶的营养成分尽可能接近母乳对于婴儿的正常生长和发育非常重要。然而，母乳是一种复杂的动态基质，因此进行了大量的研究，并且仍在进行中，以充分理解和模拟人乳，特别是其脂肪组成。脂质在婴儿营养中起着关键作用。在婴儿配方奶的脂质含量和组成方面已经取得了一些进展，以便配方奶能够更好地模拟或模仿人乳的营养功能。
