Department of Trauma Surgery, University Medical Centre Regensburg, Franz-Josef-Strauss-Allee 11, 93053, Regensburg, Germany.
Institute of Sports and Preventive Medicine, Saarland University, Saarbrücken, Germany.
Arch Orthop Trauma Surg. 2022 Jul;142(7):1571-1578. doi: 10.1007/s00402-021-04060-2. Epub 2021 Jul 20.
The coronavirus lockdown in 2020 resulted in a worldwide suspension of professional sports. The first major professional football league to restart after the lockdown was the German Bundesliga. This study investigates whether the injury incidence increased after the restart of the season with only 9 days of regular preparation time and without any friendly matches in comparison to three control periods.
In a prospective cohort study, injury analysis (at least 1 day of absence from official football matches or training sessions) of the German Bundesliga registry was standardised according to Hägglund et al. (Br J Sports Med 39:340-346, 2005) and Fuller et al. (Clin J Sports Med 16:97-106, 2006) for data collection and to previous publications for the validated use of media sources for injury registration. The study period after the lockdown in May and June of the 2019-2020 season was compared to three control periods: the period directly before the lockdown, the beginning of the 2019-2020 season and the 2018-2019 season final.
The nine match days after the restart of the 2019-2020 season showed an overall injury incidence of 4.9 per 1000 h football. This rate was significantly lower than that of the previous season final (9 last match days, overall injury incidence: 6.9 per 1000 h football; p < 0.001) and not increased compared to the rates after the summer break (9 match days; incidence: 5.5/1000 h, p > 0.05) or the winter break (8 match days; incidence: 5.6/1000 h, p > 0.05).
The period after the unexpected break in the 2019-2020 season due to the coronavirus lockdown and the rapid return to competition showed no increase in the injury rate compared to the pre-lockdown period and a lower injury rate than in the previous season final. The unintentional mid-season rest with its potential for physical recovery and individual fitness training seems to have had a positive effect on injury occurrence.
2020 年的冠状病毒封锁导致全球范围内暂停了专业体育赛事。封锁后第一个重新开始的主要职业足球联赛是德国足球甲级联赛。本研究调查了在只有 9 天的常规准备时间且没有任何友谊赛的情况下，与三个对照期相比，赛季重新开始后受伤发生率是否增加。
在一项前瞻性队列研究中，根据 Hägglund 等人（Br J Sports Med 39:340-346, 2005）和 Fuller 等人（Clin J Sports Med 16:97-106, 2006）对德国足球甲级联赛注册处的损伤分析（至少缺席 1 天正式足球比赛或训练）进行了标准化，用于数据收集，并以前的出版物为基础，验证媒体来源对损伤登记的使用。与三个对照期相比，对 2019-2020 赛季 5 月和 6 月封锁后的研究期进行了比较：封锁前的时期、2019-2020 赛季开始时和 2018-2019 赛季决赛时。
2019-2020 赛季重启后的九个比赛日总受伤发生率为每 1000 小时足球 4.9 次。这一比率明显低于上赛季决赛（最后 9 个比赛日，总受伤发生率：每 1000 小时足球 6.9 次；p<0.001），与夏季休赛期（9 个比赛日；发生率：5.5/1000 h，p>0.05）或冬季休赛期（8 个比赛日；发生率：5.6/1000 h，p>0.05）相比，没有增加。
由于冠状病毒封锁而在 2019-2020 赛季意外中断后以及快速恢复比赛的时期，与封锁前时期相比，受伤率没有增加，而且低于上赛季决赛。赛季中期的非故意休息，以及其对身体恢复和个人体能训练的潜在影响，似乎对受伤发生产生了积极影响。
