Key Lab. of Oral Diseases Research of Anhui Province, College & Hospital of Stomatology, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, P. R. China.
Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, P. R. China.
Cancer Commun (Lond). 2021 Oct;41(10):981-1006. doi: 10.1002/cac2.12194. Epub 2021 Jul 20.
Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), the eighth most prevalent cancer in the world, arises from the interaction of multiple factors including tobacco, alcohol consumption, and betel quid. Chemotherapeutic agents such as cisplatin, 5-fluorouracil, and paclitaxel have now become the first-line options for OSCC patients. Nevertheless, most OSCC patients eventually acquire drug resistance, leading to poor prognosis. With the discovery and identification of non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), the functions of dysregulated ncRNAs in OSCC development and drug resistance are gradually being widely recognized. The mechanisms of drug resistance of OSCC are intricate and involve drug efflux, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, DNA damage repair, and autophagy. At present, strategies to explore the reversal of drug resistance of OSCC need to be urgently developed. Nano-delivery and self-cellular drug delivery platforms are considered as effective strategies to overcome drug resistance due to their tumor targeting, controlled release, and consistent pharmacokinetic profiles. In particular, the combined application of new technologies (including CRISPR systems) opened up new horizons for the treatment of drug resistance of OSCC. Hence, this review explored emerging regulatory functions of ncRNAs in drug resistance of OSCC, elucidated multiple ncRNA-meditated mechanisms of drug resistance of OSCC, and discussed the potential value of drug delivery platforms using nanoparticles and self-cells as carriers in drug resistance of OSCC.
口腔鳞状细胞癌（OSCC）是世界上第八种最常见的癌症，它是由多种因素相互作用引起的，包括烟草、酒精消费和槟榔。顺铂、5-氟尿嘧啶和紫杉醇等化疗药物现已成为 OSCC 患者的一线选择。然而，大多数 OSCC 患者最终会产生耐药性，导致预后不良。随着非编码 RNA（ncRNA）的发现和鉴定，失调的 ncRNA 在 OSCC 发展和耐药性中的功能逐渐得到广泛认可。OSCC 耐药性的机制错综复杂，涉及药物外排、上皮-间充质转化、DNA 损伤修复和自噬。目前，需要迫切开发探索逆转 OSCC 耐药性的策略。纳米递药和自细胞药物递送平台被认为是克服耐药性的有效策略，因为它们具有肿瘤靶向、控制释放和一致的药代动力学特征。特别是，新技术（包括 CRISPR 系统）的联合应用为治疗 OSCC 耐药性开辟了新的前景。因此，本综述探讨了 ncRNA 在 OSCC 耐药性中的新兴调节功能，阐明了 OSCC 耐药性的多种 ncRNA 介导的机制，并讨论了使用纳米颗粒和自细胞作为载体的药物递送平台在 OSCC 耐药性中的潜在价值。
