Liu Wei, Hou Cui, Hou Miao, Xu Qiu-Qin, Wang Hui, Gu Pei-Pei, Sun Ling, Lv Hai-Tao, Ding Yue-Yue
Cardiology Department, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou City, Jiangsu Province, 215025, China.
Cardiovasc Ultrasound. 2021 Jul 21;19(1):26. doi: 10.1186/s12947-021-00257-y.
Essential hypertension in adults may begin in childhood. The damages to the heart and blood vessels in children with essential hypertension are hidden and difficult to detect. We noninvasively examined changes in cardiovascular structure and function in children with hypertension at early stage using ultrasonography.
All patients with essential hypertension admitted from March 2020 to May 2021 were classified into simple hypertension (group 1, n = 34) and hypertension co-existing with obesity (group 2, n = 11) isolation. Meanwhile 32 healthy children were detected as control heathly group (group 3). We used pulse-wave Doppler to measure carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (cfPWV), intimal-medial thickness (cIMT) and distensibility of carotid artery (CD). Cardiac structure and function (left atrial diameter [LAD], left ventricular mass [LVM], LVM index [LVMI], relative wall thicknes [RWT], end-diastolic left ventricular internal diameter [LVIDd], diastolic interventricular septum thickness [IVSd], diastolic left ventricular posterior wall thickness [LVPWd], root diameter of aorta [AO], E peak, A peak, E' peak, A' peak, E/E' ratio, and E/A ratio) were measured by echocardiography.
The cfPWV of children in group 1 and group 2 were significantly higher than healthy children in group 3. Significant differences were observed in LVM, LVMI, RWT, LVIDd, IVSd, LVPWd, LAD, A peak, E' peak, A' peak, and E/E' among three groups.
Children and adolescents with essential hypertension demonstrate target organ damages in the heart and blood vessels.
成人原发性高血压可能始于儿童期。原发性高血压儿童的心脏和血管损害较为隐匿，难以检测。我们使用超声检查对高血压儿童早期心血管结构和功能的变化进行了无创检测。
将2020年3月至2021年5月收治的所有原发性高血压患者分为单纯高血压组（第1组，n = 34）和肥胖合并高血压组（第2组，n = 11）。同时检测32名健康儿童作为健康对照组（第3组）。我们使用脉冲波多普勒测量颈股脉搏波速度（cfPWV）、颈动脉内膜中层厚度（cIMT）和颈动脉扩张性（CD）。通过超声心动图测量心脏结构和功能（左心房直径[LAD]、左心室质量[LVM]、左心室质量指数[LVMI]、相对室壁厚度[RWT]、舒张末期左心室内径[LVIDd]、舒张期室间隔厚度[IVSd]、舒张期左心室后壁厚度[LVPWd]、主动脉根部直径[AO]、E峰、A峰、E'峰、A'峰、E/E'比值和E/A比值）。
第1组和第2组儿童的cfPWV显著高于第3组健康儿童。三组之间在LVM、LVMI、RWT、LVIDd、IVSd、LVPWd、LAD、A峰、E'峰、A'峰和E/E'方面存在显著差异。
原发性高血压儿童和青少年存在心脏和血管的靶器官损害。
