Deng Na, Bi Hongyan, Zhao Jinxia
Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
College of Education, Linyi University, Linyi, China.
Front Psychol. 2021 Jul 5;12:624372. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.624372. eCollection 2021.
Based on the risk and protective factor framework and context-dependent theory, the present study investigated the association between maternal psychological control and anxiety among left-behind children in rural China as well as the moderating roles of externalizing problem behavior and teacher support in this association. A total of 149 children with two migrant parents, 306 children with only a migrant father, and 287 accompanied children aged 11-16 years (M = 13.85 years, SD = 0.50) in the rural areas of Shandong Province, Eastern China, participated in the study. Children reported their perceived levels of maternal psychological control, teacher support, externalizing problem behavior, and anxiety. The results provided evidence that a higher level of psychological control was associated with more anxiety symptoms in all three groups of children, and this association was stronger in children with two migrant parents than in accompanied children. Hierarchical regression analysis supported our hypotheses that the moderating effects of externalizing problem behavior and teacher support varied as a function of parents' migrant status, with externalizing problem behavior exacerbating the impact of psychological control on anxiety in accompanied children, and teacher support buffering the impact of psychological control on anxiety in children with a migrant father. These findings broaden our understanding of the factors and processes that contribute to anxiety problems in left-behind children in rural China.
基于风险与保护因素框架及情境依赖理论，本研究调查了中国农村留守儿童母亲心理控制与焦虑之间的关联，以及外化问题行为和教师支持在这一关联中的调节作用。在中国东部山东省农村地区，共有149名父母双方均外出务工的儿童、306名只有父亲外出务工的儿童以及287名非留守儿童参与了本研究，他们的年龄在11至16岁之间（M = 13.85岁，SD = 0.50）。孩子们报告了他们所感知到的母亲心理控制、教师支持、外化问题行为和焦虑的程度。结果表明，在所有三组儿童中，较高水平的心理控制与更多的焦虑症状相关，且这种关联在父母双方均外出务工的儿童中比在非留守儿童中更强。分层回归分析支持了我们的假设，即外化问题行为和教师支持的调节作用因父母的外出务工状况而异，外化问题行为会加剧心理控制对非留守儿童焦虑的影响，而教师支持则会缓冲心理控制对只有父亲外出务工的儿童焦虑的影响。这些发现拓宽了我们对中国农村留守儿童焦虑问题影响因素及过程的理解。
