Criado-Gonzalez Miryam, Mijangos Carmen, Hernández Rebeca
Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de Polímeros, CSIC, Juan de la Cierva 3, 28006 Madrid, Spain.
Polymers (Basel). 2021 Jul 9;13(14):2254. doi: 10.3390/polym13142254.
Natural polymers are of great interest in the biomedical field due to their intrinsic properties such as biodegradability, biocompatibility, and non-toxicity. Layer-by-layer (LbL) assembly of natural polymers is a versatile, simple, efficient, reproducible, and flexible bottom-up technique for the development of nanostructured materials in a controlled manner. The multiple morphological and structural advantages of LbL compared to traditional coating methods (i.e., precise control over the thickness and compositions at the nanoscale, simplicity, versatility, suitability, and flexibility to coat surfaces with irregular shapes and sizes), make LbL one of the most useful techniques for building up advanced multilayer polymer structures for application in several fields, e.g., biomedicine, energy, and optics. This review article collects the main advances concerning multilayer assembly of natural polymers employing the most used LbL techniques (i.e., dipping, spray, and spin coating) leading to multilayer polymer structures and the influence of several variables (i.e., pH, molar mass, and method of preparation) in this LbL assembly process. Finally, the employment of these multilayer biopolymer films as platforms for tissue engineering, drug delivery, and thermal therapies will be discussed.
由于天然聚合物具有生物可降解性、生物相容性和无毒性等固有特性，因此在生物医学领域备受关注。天然聚合物的层层（LbL）组装是一种通用、简单、高效、可重复且灵活的自下而上的技术，用于以可控方式开发纳米结构材料。与传统涂层方法相比，LbL具有多种形态和结构优势（即能够在纳米尺度上精确控制厚度和组成、简单、通用、适合且灵活地涂覆具有不规则形状和尺寸的表面），这使得LbL成为构建先进多层聚合物结构以应用于多个领域（如生物医学、能源和光学）的最有用技术之一。本文综述收集了有关采用最常用的LbL技术（即浸涂、喷涂和旋涂）进行天然聚合物多层组装的主要进展，这些技术可形成多层聚合物结构，以及在该LbL组装过程中几个变量（即pH值、摩尔质量和制备方法）的影响。最后，将讨论这些多层生物聚合物薄膜作为组织工程、药物递送和热疗法平台的应用。
