Department of Food Sciences and Physiology. Facultad de Farmacia y Nutrición. Universidad de Navarra.
Departamento de Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública. Facultad de Medicina. Universidad de Navarra.
Nutr Hosp. 2021 Oct 13;38(5):961-970. doi: 10.20960/nh.03649.
Introduction: the preschool stage is a critical period for teaching and modeling healthy habits to positively influence children's health and wellbeing throughout their lifetime. Objectives: to evaluate the association between parental attitudes towards their offspring's dietary habits in Spanish children aged 4 to 7 years participating in the Follow-up of Children for Optimal Development (SENDO) project. Methods: we defined an index to measure information on parental attitudes towards their offspring's diet (0 to 8 points), and another one to measure children's actual dietary habits (0 to 19 points). A higher score meant healthier attitudes and healthier habits, respectively. Information was collected through an online questionnaire completed by parents. We calculated crude and multivariable-adjusted odds ratios (OR) and 95 % confidence intervals (CI) for children's healthy dietary habits associated with parental scores in the parental attitudes index. Generalized estimation equations (GEE) were used to account for intra-cluster correlation between siblings. Results: a total of 423 preschoolers (52.3 % boys, mean age 5.3 years) were included in the analyses. Half of the children (51 %) reported unhealthy dietary habits, whereas 56 % of parents reported high adherence to the healthy eating index. Compared to those in the lowest category, the children whose parents were in the highest category in the parental attitudes index showed significantly higher odds of having healthy dietary habits (OR: 2.91; 95 % CI: 1.30-6.53, p for trend = 0.004). Conclusions: our results support a direct association between parental attitudes and their offspring's dietary habits, suggesting that public health interventions aimed at improving children's dietary habits should shift from the individual- to a family-based approach.
学前阶段是教授和塑造健康习惯的关键时期，可以积极影响儿童一生的健康和幸福。目的：评估西班牙 4 至 7 岁参与“儿童最佳发展随访（SENDO）”项目的儿童父母对子女饮食习惯的态度与子女饮食行为之间的关系。方法：我们定义了一个指数来衡量父母对子女饮食态度的信息（0 至 8 分），以及另一个指数来衡量儿童实际的饮食行为（0 至 19 分）。得分越高表示态度越健康，习惯越健康。信息通过父母在线填写问卷收集。我们计算了与父母态度指数得分相关的儿童健康饮食习惯的粗比值比（OR）和 95 %置信区间（CI）。使用广义估计方程（GEE）来解释兄弟姐妹之间的聚类相关性。结果：共纳入 423 名学龄前儿童（52.3 %为男孩，平均年龄 5.3 岁）进行分析。一半的儿童（51 %）报告存在不健康的饮食习惯，而 56 %的父母报告了较高的健康饮食指数依从性。与处于最低分类的儿童相比，父母在父母态度指数中处于最高分类的儿童具有更健康的饮食习惯的几率显著更高（OR：2.91；95 % CI：1.30-6.53，趋势检验 p = 0.004）。结论：我们的研究结果支持父母态度与其子女饮食习惯之间的直接关系，这表明旨在改善儿童饮食习惯的公共卫生干预措施应从以个体为基础的方法转变为以家庭为基础的方法。
