Horikawa Chika, Otsuka Rei, Nishita Yukiko, Tange Chikako, Kato Yuki, Tanaka Takao, Rogi Tomohiro, Shibata Hiroshi, Ando Fujiko, Shimokata Hiroshi
Department of Epidemiology of Aging, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, 7-430 Morioka-cho, 474-8511, Obu-City, Aichi, Japan.
Institute for Health Care Science, Suntory Wellness Limited, 8-1-1 Seikadai, Seika-cho, Soraku- gun, 619-0284, Kyoto, Japan.
BMC Geriatr. 2021 Jul 27;21(1):443. doi: 10.1186/s12877-021-02359-8.
There is a growing interest in the significance of adopting a variety of lifestyle habits for maintaining cognitive function among older adults. A lifestyle that is easy to modify, simple, and less burdensome for older people is ideal. We investigated the longitudinal association between global cognitive decline and cognitive leisure activities (CLAs) combined with long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCPUFAs) intake.
The National Institute for Longevity Sciences-Longitudinal Study of Aging (NILS-LSA) enrolled community-dwelling middle-aged and older men and women who were randomly selected from Obu-City and Higashiura Town, Aichi, Japan. Baseline data (2006-2008), including CLAs and dietary intake, were obtained from 517 participants (aged 60-84 years) with normal cognition. Global cognitive decline, defined as the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) score ≤ 27, was assessed at baseline and four years later. Interaction between CLAs and LCPUFAs on cognitive decline was investigated using a multiple logistic analysis with adjustment for confounders. CLA engagement and LCPUFA intake were divided into high and low groups according to the frequency at which each participant engaged in the activity and the median intake level according to sex, respectively.
A significant interaction was detected for the combination of CLA engagement and LCPUFA intake. Logistic regression coefficients revealed significant interactions when participants engaged in more than five CLA varieties. One of the CLAs, art appreciation, produced a significant main effect against cognitive decline and a significant interaction in combination with LCPUFA intake. The major LCPUFAs-docosahexaenoic acid and arachidonic acid-also exhibited a significant interaction. The combination of high LCPUFA intake and high art appreciation frequency yielded a lower adjusted odds ratio for cognitive decline than the combination of low LCPUFA and low art appreciation [0.25 (95 % confidence intervals, 0.11-0.56)].
Preserving cognitive function might be associated with a combination of varied and high-frequency engagement in CLAs combined with high LCPUFA intake.
人们越来越关注采取多种生活方式习惯对维持老年人认知功能的重要性。对于老年人来说，一种易于改变、简单且负担较小的生活方式是理想的。我们研究了全球认知衰退与认知休闲活动（CLAs）以及长链多不饱和脂肪酸（LCPUFAs）摄入量之间的纵向关联。
国立长寿科学研究所-衰老纵向研究（NILS-LSA）招募了从日本爱知县大府市和东浦町随机选取的社区居住的中年及老年男性和女性。从517名认知正常的参与者（年龄在60 - 84岁之间）获取了包括CLAs和饮食摄入在内的基线数据（2006 - 2008年）。全球认知衰退定义为简易精神状态检查表（MMSE）得分≤27，在基线时和四年后进行评估。使用多因素逻辑分析并对混杂因素进行调整，研究CLAs和LCPUFAs对认知衰退的相互作用。CLA参与度和LCPUFA摄入量分别根据每位参与者参与活动的频率以及按性别划分的中位数摄入水平分为高和低两组。
检测到CLA参与度和LCPUFA摄入量的组合存在显著相互作用。逻辑回归系数显示，当参与者参与超过五种CLA类型时存在显著相互作用。其中一种CLA，即艺术欣赏，对认知衰退产生了显著的主效应，并且与LCPUFA摄入量存在显著相互作用。主要的LCPUFAs——二十二碳六烯酸和花生四烯酸——也表现出显著的相互作用。与低LCPUFA和低艺术欣赏频率的组合相比，高LCPUFA摄入量和高艺术欣赏频率的组合产生的认知衰退调整后优势比更低[0.25（95%置信区间，0.11 - 0.56）]。
维持认知功能可能与多种且高频参与CLAs以及高LCPUFA摄入量的组合有关。
