College of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311121, China.
Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-Cancer Chinese Medicines; Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicines; Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicines of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311121, China.
Int J Biol Sci. 2021 Jun 16;17(10):2476-2486. doi: 10.7150/ijbs.59296. eCollection 2021.
Extracellular vesicles (EVs), are membrane-bound vesicles that have many advantages over traditional nanocarriers for drug and gene delivery. Evidence from recent studies indicate that EVs have therapeutic capability with chemical or biological modification. Tumor-derived exosomes (TEXs) were used as a new type of antigens or tumor vaccines in anti-tumor immunotherapy. With superior characteristics, modified EVs were applied to loaded and delivered synthetic drugs, silencing RNA, and microRNA for treatment. Different surface functionalization strategies have been proposed to improve the therapeutic functions of EVs. Appropriately modified EVs for disease intervention provide new avenues for effective clinical treatment strategies. Therefore, this review aimed at elucidating the therapeutic functions of EVs to generate new ideas for treatment and to unlock their hidden potential in translational medicine.
细胞外囊泡（EVs）是一种膜结合囊泡，在药物和基因传递方面，具有许多优于传统纳米载体的优势。最近的研究证据表明，通过化学或生物学修饰，EVs 具有治疗能力。肿瘤衍生的外泌体（TEXs）被用作抗肿瘤免疫治疗中的新型抗原或肿瘤疫苗。经过修饰的 EVs 具有优异的特性，可用于装载和递送合成药物、沉默 RNA 和 microRNA 进行治疗。已经提出了不同的表面功能化策略来改善 EVs 的治疗功能。适当修饰的 EVs 用于疾病干预为有效的临床治疗策略提供了新途径。因此，本综述旨在阐明 EVs 的治疗功能，为治疗提供新的思路，并挖掘其在转化医学中的潜在应用。
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