Turk Eva, Čelik Tatjana, Smrdu Maja, Šet Janko, Kuder Ana, Gregorič Matjaž, Kralj-Fišer Simona
Research Centre of the Slovenian Academy of Sciences and Arts, Jovan Hadži Institute of Biology, ZRC SAZU, Novi trg 2, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia.
Department of Psychology, The Faculty of Mathematics, Natural Sciences and Information Technologies, University of Primorska, Koper, Slovenia.
Curr Psychol. 2023;42(9):7771-7787. doi: 10.1007/s12144-021-02051-5. Epub 2021 Jul 24.
The current COVID-19 pandemic caught the decision makers in many countries sub-optimally prepared to respond. To better cope with similar situations in the future, it is vital to understand the major predictors of health-beneficial behavior and adherence to imposed mitigation measures and guidelines. To tailor the promotion of government-imposed measures, it is important to understand how the sociodemographic background combined with personality traits affect the perception and responsiveness of people. We investigated the perception and adherence to mitigation measures during the pandemic by examining their trends across several sociodemographic categories and personality dimensions. The strongest predictors of confidence in the preventive measures and their implementation were the participants' concern of infection and concern of infecting their loved ones, followed by gender and age. Education, settlement size, field and type of employment, household type, own medical problems, and the age and health of the participants' loved ones had a smaller influence on the perceived guidelines importance and implementation. Adherence to measures was positively related to the participants' score in conscientiousness and, in lesser extent, openness. Agreeableness, energy, and emotional stability correlated positively with adherence to basic guidelines. Study provides information useful for developing and adapting future public health policies and interventions.
The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s12144-021-02051-5.
当前的新冠疫情让许多国家的决策者在应对准备上处于次优状态。为了更好地应对未来类似情况，了解有益健康行为以及对实施的缓解措施和指导方针的遵守情况的主要预测因素至关重要。为了针对性地推广政府实施的措施，了解社会人口背景与人格特质如何共同影响人们的认知和反应很重要。我们通过研究缓解措施在几个社会人口类别和人格维度上的趋势，调查了疫情期间人们对缓解措施的认知和遵守情况。对预防措施及其实施的信心的最强预测因素是参与者对感染的担忧以及对感染亲人的担忧，其次是性别和年龄。教育程度、居住规模、就业领域和类型、家庭类型、自身健康问题以及参与者亲人的年龄和健康状况对感知到的指导方针重要性和实施的影响较小。对措施的遵守与参与者的尽责性得分呈正相关，在较小程度上与开放性呈正相关。宜人性、活力和情绪稳定性与对基本指导方针的遵守呈正相关。该研究为制定和调整未来的公共卫生政策及干预措施提供了有用信息。
在线版本包含可在10.1007/s12144-021-02051-5获取的补充材料。
