Zhang Ximeng, Han Fanshen, Gao Ming, Liu Lu, Wang Xiaping
International Education College, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China.
Graduate School, Gachon University, Seongnam, South Korea.
Front Psychol. 2021 Jul 16;12:593813. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.593813. eCollection 2021.
In this study, in order to analyze the stress sources and stress-coping strategies of employees in construction enterprises, to explore the influencing factors of enterprise technical management cost, and to offer suggestions for mental health education of employees, 372 employees of Shandong Construction Engineering Group Co., Ltd. were selected for a questionnaire survey. The influences of stress sources and stress-coping strategies on the mental health of employees were compared, based on different demographic variables. The evaluation model was constructed using the matter-element analysis to rank the factors influencing the enterprise technology management cost. The results showed that the stress value of work characteristics was the highest (4.26 ± 0.511), followed by the organizational structure and atmosphere (4.15 ± 0.382); stress-coping strategies at the individual level (1.84 ± 0.315) scored higher than that at the organizational level (1.67 ± 0.248) ( < 0.05). Notable differences were observed in balance between work and family between males and females ( < 0.05); in work characteristics, role orientation, personal relationship, and balance between work and family between subjects of different ages ( < 0.05); in work characteristics, and balance between work and family between the married and the unmarried ( < 0.05); and in role stress and work characteristics between subjects in different positions ( < 0.05). The evaluation results revealed that the factors influencing the technology management cost of enterprises included price index, development cost, fixed investment proportion, power equipment rate, mechanical artificial intelligence, labor cost, rate of technical equipment, the output value, informatization of technology management, and national policy. In conclusion, the two major sources of stress for employees in Luoyang Construction Engineering Group Co., Ltd. were as follows: (1) work characteristics and (2) organizational structure and atmosphere. Besides, many employees adopted the stress-coping strategies at the individual level, and enterprises needed to strengthen the psychological health education for employees at the organizational level. In practice, the enterprise needed to add importance to the development of mechanical artificial intelligence, informatization of technology management, and national policy.
在本研究中，为分析建筑企业员工的压力源及压力应对策略，探究企业技术管理成本的影响因素，并为员工心理健康教育提供建议，选取了山东建工集团有限公司的372名员工进行问卷调查。基于不同人口统计学变量，比较了压力源和压力应对策略对员工心理健康的影响。运用物元分析法构建评价模型，对影响企业技术管理成本的因素进行排序。结果表明，工作特征的压力值最高（4.26±0.511），其次是组织结构与氛围（4.15±0.382）；个体层面的压力应对策略得分（1.84±0.315）高于组织层面（1.67±0.248）（<0.05）。男性与女性在工作与家庭平衡方面存在显著差异（<0.05）；不同年龄的被试在工作特征、角色定位、人际关系以及工作与家庭平衡方面存在显著差异（<0.05）；已婚与未婚者在工作特征以及工作与家庭平衡方面存在显著差异（<0.05）；不同职位的被试在角色压力和工作特征方面存在显著差异（<0.05）。评价结果显示，影响企业技术管理成本的因素包括价格指数、开发成本、固定资产投资比例、动力设备率、机械人工智能、劳动力成本、技术装备率、产值、技术管理信息化以及国家政策。综上所述，山东建工集团有限公司员工的两大压力源如下：（1）工作特征；（2）组织结构与氛围。此外，许多员工采用个体层面的压力应对策略，企业需要在组织层面加强员工心理健康教育。在实践中，企业需要重视机械人工智能的发展、技术管理信息化以及国家政策。
