Department of Surgery, Division of Surgical Sciences, Medical Branch, University of Texas, Galveston, TX, USA.
Division of Plastic, Aesthetic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria.
Sports Med. 2021 Dec;51(12):2469-2482. doi: 10.1007/s40279-021-01528-4. Epub 2021 Aug 2.
Due to improvements in acute burn care over the last few decades, most patients with severe burns (up to 90% of the total body surface) survive. However, the metabolic and cardiovascular complications that accompany a severe burn can persist for up to 3 years post injury. Accordingly, there is now a greater appreciation of the need for strategies that can hasten recovery and reduce long-term morbidity post burn. Rehabilitation exercise training (RET) is a proven effective treatment to restore lean body mass, glucose and protein metabolism, cardiorespiratory fitness, and muscle strength in burn survivors. Despite this, very few hospitals incorporate RET in programs to aid the rehabilitation of patients with severe burns. Given that RET is a safe and efficacious treatment that restores function and reduces post-burn morbidity, we propose that a long-term exercise prescription plan should be considered for all patients with severe burns. In this literature review, we discuss the current understanding of burn trauma on major organ systems, and the positive benefits of incorporating RET as a part of the long-term rehabilitation of severely burned individuals. We also provide burn-specific exercise prescription guidelines for clinical exercise physiologists.
由于过去几十年中急性烧伤治疗的改进，大多数严重烧伤患者（高达全身总面积的 90%）得以存活。然而，严重烧伤伴随的代谢和心血管并发症可能会持续长达 3 年。因此，现在人们更加认识到需要采取策略来加速康复并减少烧伤后的长期发病率。康复运动训练（RET）是一种经过验证的有效治疗方法，可恢复烧伤幸存者的瘦体重、葡萄糖和蛋白质代谢、心肺适应性和肌肉力量。尽管如此，很少有医院将 RET 纳入计划以帮助严重烧伤患者康复。鉴于 RET 是一种安全有效的治疗方法，可以恢复功能并降低烧伤后发病率，我们建议所有严重烧伤患者都应考虑制定长期运动处方计划。在这篇文献综述中，我们讨论了烧伤创伤对主要器官系统的现有认识，以及将 RET 纳入严重烧伤患者长期康复的积极益处。我们还为临床运动生理学家提供了烧伤特定的运动处方指南。
