Ozawa Mio, Sakaki Haruyo, Meng Xianwei
Division of Nursing Science, Graduate School of Biomedical & Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima 734-8553, Japan.
Graduate School of Nursing, International University of Health and Welfare, 4-1-26 Akasaka, Minato-ku, Tokyo 107-8402, Japan.
Children (Basel). 2021 Jul 12;8(7):590. doi: 10.3390/children8070590.
We aimed to describe parental presence policy and telemedicine use in Japanese neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) before and during the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic. This cross-sectional study was performed through an online survey in 110 level III units from 19 November 2020 to 18 December 2020. Nurses' evaluation of the current situation (during COVID-19) was compared with their retrospective pre-COVID-19 (December 2019) evaluation. Responses were received from 52 NICUs distributed across all regions in Japan. The median allowed parental presence time decreased from 12 h to 1 h, and 29 NICUs allowed entry of parents simultaneously during COVID-19. There was an increase in the number of units providing telemedicine through telephone and online visits during COVID-19 compared to that before COVID-19 (from 2% to 19%). The hybrid design NICUs, with 11-89% of beds in single-patient rooms, allowed a longer parental presence time in the NICUs than those with ≥90% of beds in multi-bed rooms. The number of units implementing kangaroo care decreased during COVID-19 compared to that before COVID-19. The need for telemedicine increased among Japanese NICUs to mitigate the adverse effect of parental restriction and limited physical contact due to the COVID-19 pandemic.
我们旨在描述日本新生儿重症监护病房（NICU）在冠状病毒病（COVID-19）大流行之前及期间的家长陪伴政策和远程医疗使用情况。这项横断面研究于2020年11月19日至2020年12月18日通过对110个三级病房进行在线调查开展。将护士对当前情况（COVID-19期间）的评估与其对COVID-19之前（2019年12月）情况的回顾性评估进行比较。收到了来自日本所有地区52个NICU的回复。允许家长陪伴的中位时间从12小时减少到了1小时，并且在COVID-19期间有29个NICU允许家长同时进入。与COVID-19之前相比，COVID-19期间通过电话和在线问诊提供远程医疗服务的病房数量有所增加（从2%增至19%）。单人病房床位占比为11%-89%的混合设计NICU，与多人病房床位占比≥90%的NICU相比，允许家长在NICU陪伴的时间更长。与COVID-19之前相比，COVID-19期间实施袋鼠式护理的病房数量减少。由于COVID-19大流行导致家长探视受限和身体接触有限，日本NICU对远程医疗的需求增加，以减轻其不利影响。
