Santella Biagio, Serretiello Enrica, De Filippis Anna, Veronica Folliero, Iervolino Domenico, Dell'Annunziata Federica, Manente Roberta, Valitutti Francesco, Santoro Emanuela, Pagliano Pasquale, Galdiero Massimiliano, Boccia Giovanni, Franci Gianluigi
Section of Microbiology and Virology, University Hospital "Luigi Vanvitelli", 80138 Naples, Italy.
Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", 80138 Naples, Italy.
Antibiotics (Basel). 2021 Jul 13;10(7):851. doi: 10.3390/antibiotics10070851.
Lower respiratory tract infections (LRTIs) are the most common infections in humans. It is estimated that 2.74 million deaths worldwide occur each year due to LRTIs. The aim of the study was to determine the frequency and antibiotic susceptibility pattern of microorganisms isolated from respiratory samples of patients with LRTIs. Between January 2015 and December 2019, a total of 7038 sputum and bronchoaspirate samples from suspected LRTI patients were collected. Among them, 2753 samples (39.1%) showed significant microbial growth on culture media. The LRTI rate was higher in patients with male gender (67.1%) and with age between 40-59 years (48.6%). The microorganism identification and antibiotic susceptibility testing were performed with Vitek 2. Out of 4278 isolates species, 3102 (72.5%) were Gram-negative bacteria, 1048 (24.5%) were Gram-positive bacteria, and 128 (3.0%) were spp. Major microorganisms isolated were (18.6%), (15.2%), (14.2%), and (10.9%). In antimicrobial susceptibility testing, isolates were mostly resistant to Penicillin G (84.1%) and Oxacillin (48.1%), whereas they demonstrated maximum sensitivity to Tigecycline (100%) and Linezolid (99.5%). Among Gram-negative isolates, showed maximum sensitivity to Colistin but was resistant to other antibiotics (95-99%). isolates were mostly resistant to Cefotaxime (72.7%) and sensitive to Gentamicin (54.3%), and was resistant to Ciprofloxacin (40.3%) and sensitive to Amikacin (85.9%). Gram-negative bacteria represented the species most commonly isolated. A high rate of antimicrobial resistance was observed in this study. In conclusion, the correct identification of causative microorganisms and their susceptibility patterns to antibiotics is crucial for choosing targeted and effective antibiotic therapy in LRTIs, and to prevent the emergence of multidrug-resistant bacteria.
下呼吸道感染（LRTIs）是人类最常见的感染。据估计，全球每年有274万人死于下呼吸道感染。本研究的目的是确定从下呼吸道感染患者呼吸道样本中分离出的微生物的频率和抗生素敏感性模式。2015年1月至2019年12月，共收集了7038份来自疑似下呼吸道感染患者的痰液和支气管吸出物样本。其中，2753份样本（39.1%）在培养基上显示出显著的微生物生长。男性患者（67.1%）和年龄在40 - 59岁之间的患者（48.6%）的下呼吸道感染率较高。使用Vitek 2进行微生物鉴定和抗生素敏感性测试。在4278株分离菌种中，3102株（72.5%）为革兰氏阴性菌，1048株（24.5%）为革兰氏阳性菌，128株（3.0%）为其他菌种。分离出的主要微生物为肺炎克雷伯菌（18.6%）、铜绿假单胞菌（15.2%）、鲍曼不动杆菌（14.2%）和金黄色葡萄球菌（10.9%）。在抗菌药物敏感性测试中，金黄色葡萄球菌分离株大多对青霉素G（84.1%）和苯唑西林（48.1%）耐药，而它们对替加环素（100%）和利奈唑胺（99.5%）表现出最高敏感性。在革兰氏阴性分离株中，鲍曼不动杆菌对黏菌素表现出最高敏感性，但对其他抗生素耐药（95 - 99%）。肺炎克雷伯菌分离株大多对头孢噻肟耐药（72.7%），对庆大霉素敏感（54.3%），铜绿假单胞菌对环丙沙星耐药（40.3%），对阿米卡星敏感（85.9%）。革兰氏阴性菌是最常分离出的菌种。本研究中观察到较高的抗菌药物耐药率。总之，正确识别致病微生物及其对抗生素的敏感性模式对于选择针对性强且有效的抗生素治疗下呼吸道感染以及预防多重耐药菌的出现至关重要。
