Berber Engin, Çanakoğlu Nurettin, Sözdutmaz İbrahim, Simsek Emrah, Sursal Neslihan, Ekinci Gencay, Kökkaya Serkan, Arıkan Ebru, Ambarcıoğlu Pınar, Göksu Ayşe Gençay, Keleş İhsan
Department of Virology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Erciyes University, Kayseri 38280, Turkey.
Department of Biomedical and Diagnostic Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA.
Vet Sci. 2021 Jul 9;8(7):128. doi: 10.3390/vetsci8070128.
Calf mortality constitutes a substantial loss for agriculture economy-based countries and is also a significant herd problem in developed countries. However, the occurrence and frequency of responsible gastro-intestinal (GI) pathogens in severe newborn diarrhea is still not well known. We aimed to determine the seasonal and age-associated pathogen distribution of severe diarrhea in newborn calves admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) of Erciyes University animal hospital over a year. Fecal samples were collected during the ICU admissions, and specimens were subjected to a diarrheal pathogen screening panel that included bovine coronavirus (BCoV), spp., ETEC K99+, and bovine rotavirus, using RT-PCR and conventional PCR methods. Further isolation experiments were performed with permissive cell cultures and bacterial enrichment methods to identify the clinical importance of infectious pathogen shedding in the ICU. Among the hospitalized calves aged less than 45 days old, the majority of calves originated from small farms (85.9%). The pathogen that most frequently occurred was spp. (61.5%) followed by rotavirus (56.4%). The frequency of animal admission to ICU and GI pathogen identification was higher during the winter season (44.9%) when compared to other seasons. Most calves included in the study were 1-6 days old (44.9%). Lastly, co-infection with rotavirus and spp. occurred more frequently than other dual or multi-infection events. This study was the first to define severe diarrhea-causing GI pathogens from ICU admitted newborn calves in Turkey.
犊牛死亡率对以农业经济为基础的国家构成了重大损失，在发达国家也是一个严重的畜群问题。然而，导致严重新生儿腹泻的胃肠道（GI）病原体的发生情况和频率仍不为人所知。我们旨在确定埃尔西耶斯大学动物医院重症监护病房（ICU）收治的新生犊牛一年内严重腹泻的季节性和年龄相关病原体分布。在犊牛入住ICU期间采集粪便样本，并使用逆转录聚合酶链反应（RT-PCR）和常规聚合酶链反应方法，对样本进行腹泻病原体筛查，检测项目包括牛冠状病毒（BCoV）、某些菌属、产肠毒素大肠杆菌K99+和牛轮状病毒。通过许可细胞培养和细菌富集方法进行进一步的分离实验，以确定ICU中传染性病原体排出的临床重要性。在住院的45日龄以下犊牛中，大多数犊牛来自小型农场（85.9%）。最常出现的病原体是某些菌属（61.5%），其次是轮状病毒（56.4%）。与其他季节相比，冬季犊牛入住ICU和胃肠道病原体鉴定的频率更高（44.9%）。纳入研究的大多数犊牛为1 - 6日龄（44.9%）。最后，轮状病毒和某些菌属的共同感染比其他双重或多重感染事件更频繁。本研究首次明确了土耳其ICU收治的新生犊牛中导致严重腹泻的胃肠道病原体。
