Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, MA, USA.
Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, MA, USA; Picower Institute of Learning and Memory, MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA; Institute for Medical Engineering and Science, MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA; Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA; Yonsei-IBS Institute, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea.
Cell. 2021 Aug 5;184(16):4115-4136. doi: 10.1016/j.cell.2021.07.009.
Emerging tissue transformation technologies provide an unprecedented opportunity to investigate system-level molecular and anatomical features in situ. Hydrogel-based methods engineer physicochemical tissue properties to render intact organs optically transparent and size and shape adjustable while preserving biomolecules at their physiological locations. When combined with advanced molecular tools, labeling, and imaging techniques, tissue transformation enables three-dimensional (3D) mapping of molecules, cells, and their interrelationships at increasing speeds and resolutions. In this review, we discuss the basic engineering principles of tissue transformation and labeling techniques as well as their broad applications, current challenges, and future potential.
新兴的组织转化技术为原位研究系统水平的分子和解剖学特征提供了前所未有的机会。基于水凝胶的方法可以改变组织的物理化学特性,使完整的器官光学透明,并可调整其大小和形状,同时保持生物分子在其生理位置。当与先进的分子工具、标记和成像技术结合使用时,组织转化可以以越来越快的速度和更高的分辨率对分子、细胞及其相互关系进行三维(3D)映射。在这篇综述中,我们讨论了组织转化和标记技术的基本工程原理及其广泛的应用、当前的挑战和未来的潜力。