Medical Society for the Use of Ozone in Prevention and Therapy, Iffezheim, D-76473 Baden-Baden, Germany.
Pharmacy and Food Institute, University of Havana, Coronela, Lisa, Havana 10 400, Cuba.
Int J Mol Sci. 2021 Jul 23;22(15):7890. doi: 10.3390/ijms22157890.
Low-dose ozone acts as a bioregulator in chronic inflammatory diseases, biochemically characterized by high oxidative stress and a blocked regulation. During systemic applications, "Ozone peroxides" are able to replace HO in its specific function of regulation, restore redox signaling, and improve the antioxidant capacity. Two different mechanisms have to be understood. Firstly, there is the direct mechanism, used in topical treatments, mostly via radical reactions. In systemic treatments, the indirect, ionic mechanism is to be discussed: "ozone peroxide" will be directly reduced by the glutathione system, informing the nuclear factors to start the regulation. The GSH/GSSG balance outlines the ozone dose and concentration limiting factor. Antioxidants are regulated, and in the case of inflammatory diseases up-regulated; cytokines are modulated, here downregulated. Rheumatoid arthritis RA as a model for chronic inflammation: RA, in preclinical and clinical trials, reflects the pharmacology of ozone in a typical manner: SOD (superoxide dismutase), CAT (catalase) and finally GSH (reduced glutathione) increase, followed by a significant reduction of oxidative stress. Inflammatory cytokines are downregulated. Accordingly, the clinical status improves. The pharmacological background investigated in a remarkable number of cell experiments, preclinical and clinical trials is well documented and published in internationally peer reviewed journals. This should encourage clinicians to set up clinical trials with chronic inflammatory diseases integrating medical ozone as a complement.
低剂量臭氧在慢性炎症性疾病中充当生物调节剂，其生物化学特征为高氧化应激和调节受阻。在全身应用中，“臭氧过氧化物”能够替代 HO 在其特定的调节功能中，恢复氧化还原信号，并提高抗氧化能力。需要理解两种不同的机制。首先，存在直接机制，主要通过自由基反应用于局部治疗。在全身治疗中，要讨论间接的离子机制：“臭氧过氧化物”将被谷胱甘肽系统直接还原，通知核因子开始调节。GSH/GSSG 平衡概述了臭氧剂量和浓度限制因素。抗氧化剂受到调节，在炎症性疾病的情况下被上调；细胞因子被调节，在这里被下调。类风湿关节炎 RA 作为慢性炎症的模型：RA 在临床前和临床试验中以典型的方式反映臭氧的药理学：SOD（超氧化物歧化酶）、CAT（过氧化氢酶）最终 GSH（还原型谷胱甘肽）增加，随后氧化应激显著降低。炎症细胞因子被下调。因此，临床状况得到改善。在大量的细胞实验、临床前和临床试验中研究的药理学背景有充分的记录，并在国际同行评议期刊上发表。这应该鼓励临床医生为慢性炎症性疾病建立临床试验，将医用臭氧作为一种补充。
