Zhou Jie, Ma Luping, Zhao Lulei, Sheng Jiamin, Xu Yuhua, Chen Jie, Yu Liangjun, Sun Quan, Zhou Hangyang, Zhu Shaofeng, Lu Zefeng, Wei Bo
Department of Radiology, Shaoxing 7th People's Hospital, Shaoxing, Zhejiang Province, China.
Department of Radiology, Affiliated Hospital of Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, Zhejiang Province, China.
J Alzheimers Dis. 2021;83(2):819-831. doi: 10.3233/JAD-210141.
Nutritional status has been recognized as an important factor influencing cognitive function-related diseases, but few comprehensive nutrition indicators are available to assess the risk of cognitive decline.
This study aimed to investigate the relationship between the prognostic nutritional index (PNI) and cognitive function in an elderly population, and the differences in nutrient intake between different levels of nutritional risk.
Based on cross-sectional data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2011-2014, we included 2,564 older participants. The lower quartile of each of the four cognitive tests was considered to have cognitive function impairment (CFI). Binary and multivariate logistic regression models were used to estimate the relationship between the PNI and the odds ratio of CFI.
After adjustment for confounding variables, we found that the odds of CFI were significantly lower for participants with normal PNI levels than for those with low PNI levels. In a comparison of global cognitive impairment scores, participants with a normal PNI had lower ratios of poor cognitive performance than those with a low PNI. By comparing the nutrient intake at different PNI levels, we found a reduction in the intake of protein, dietary fiber, total saturated fatty acids, and multiple micronutrients in the low PNI group.
Our study shows that the PNI can be a good predictor of the odds of CFI in the elderly population and that it is a convenient indicator of reduced intake of nutrients which may be important to brain health.
营养状况已被公认为是影响认知功能相关疾病的重要因素，但用于评估认知能力下降风险的综合营养指标却很少。
本研究旨在探讨老年人群中预后营养指数（PNI）与认知功能之间的关系，以及不同营养风险水平之间营养素摄入量的差异。
基于2011 - 2014年美国国家健康与营养检查调查（NHANES）的横断面数据，我们纳入了2564名老年参与者。四项认知测试中每项测试的下四分位数被认为存在认知功能损害（CFI）。采用二元和多变量逻辑回归模型来估计PNI与CFI比值比之间的关系。
在对混杂变量进行调整后，我们发现PNI水平正常的参与者发生CFI的几率显著低于PNI水平低的参与者。在全球认知障碍评分的比较中，PNI正常的参与者认知功能较差的比例低于PNI低的参与者。通过比较不同PNI水平下的营养素摄入量，我们发现低PNI组的蛋白质、膳食纤维、总饱和脂肪酸和多种微量营养素的摄入量有所减少。
我们的研究表明，PNI可以很好地预测老年人群发生CFI的几率，并且它是可能对大脑健康很重要的营养素摄入量减少的一个便捷指标。
