Anderson RaeAnn E, Namie Emily M Carstens, Goodman Erica L
Department of Psychology, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND, USA.
Department of Psychological Sciences, Kent State University, Kent, OH, USA.
Am J Crim Justice. 2021 Feb;46(1):168-185. doi: 10.1007/s12103-020-09589-3. Epub 2021 Jan 9.
The #MeToo movement illuminated vast numbers of people who experienced sexual violence, but the exact scope and impact, especially among under-studied populations (e.g., men and sexual minorities) is unclear, due in part to measurement issues. Our objective was to compare the validity of two measures of sexual violence victimization: The Sexual Experiences Survey - Short Form Victimization (SES-SFV) and The Post-Refusal Sexual Persistence Scale - Victimization (PRSPS-V). Participants were 673 college students who first completed the Rape Empathy for Victims (REM-V) and then the SES-SFV and PRSPS-V (counter-balanced). We found strong evidence of convergent validity for the PRSPS-V with correlations ranging from = .57 - 88. Convergent validity correlations were strongest for sexual minority women ( = .88) and weakest for heterosexual men ( = .57). We also found evidence of differential validity for the SES-SFV and PRSPS-V. For heterosexual women, rape empathy was correlated to victimization on both questionnaires ( = .25 - .29). However, for heterosexual men, only scores on the SES-SFV were correlated with rape empathy for victims ( = .19). For sexual minorities there appeared to be differences between PRSPS-V only victims and those who reported victimization on both questionnaires in rape empathy ( = 2.65, = .053). These results provide researchers a starting point for improving these questionnaires to collect more accurate data that helps improve the ability to detect cases of sexual victimization and thus, prevent and heal sexual victimization, especially in understudied populations such as men and sexual minorities.
#MeToo运动让大量遭受性暴力的人浮出水面，但确切的范围和影响，尤其是在研究较少的人群（如男性和性少数群体）中尚不清楚，部分原因是测量问题。我们的目标是比较两种性暴力受害情况测量方法的有效性：性经历调查 - 简短形式受害情况量表（SES - SFV）和拒绝后性坚持量表 - 受害情况量表（PRSPS - V）。参与者为673名大学生，他们首先完成了受害者强奸同理心量表（REM - V），然后完成了SES - SFV和PRSPS - V（顺序平衡）。我们发现PRSPS - V具有很强的收敛效度证据，相关性范围为r = 0.57 - 0.88。收敛效度相关性在性少数群体女性中最强（r = 0.88），在异性恋男性中最弱（r = 0.57）。我们还发现了SES - SFV和PRSPS - V的差异效度证据。对于异性恋女性，强奸同理心与两份问卷中的受害情况都相关（r = 0.25 - 0.29）。然而，对于异性恋男性，只有SES - SFV的得分与受害者强奸同理心相关（r = 0.19）。对于性少数群体，在强奸同理心方面，仅报告遭受PRSPS - V侵害的受害者与两份问卷都报告遭受侵害的受害者之间似乎存在差异（t = 2.65，p = 0.053）。这些结果为研究人员改进这些问卷提供了一个起点，以便收集更准确的数据，有助于提高发现性侵害案件的能力，从而预防和治愈性侵害，特别是在男性和性少数群体等研究较少的人群中。
