Programme Onchocercoses Field Station Laboratory, Ngaoundéré, Cameroon.
Département de Biologie et Ecologie Animale, Institut de Recherche en Ecologie Tropicale (IRET/CENAREST), Libreville, Gabon.
Parasit Vectors. 2021 Aug 9;14(1):392. doi: 10.1186/s13071-021-04894-0.
Tabanids are a neglected group of haematophagous dipterans despite containing 4434 species, regrouped in > 144 genera. They are mechanical vectors of important pathogens, including viruses, bacteria and protozoa of humans and domesticated and wild animals. As it is > 50 years since the publication of a preliminary nationwide record of the tabanids of Cameroon identified 84 species, updated information is needed. The aim of this study was to provide current data on the species composition, abundance and distribution of tabanids in the five main agro-ecological zones (AEZs) of Cameroon.
From 2015 to 2017, a systematic entomological study using Nzi, Vavoua, Biconical and Sevi traps (n = 106) was conducted in 604 trapping points over 11,448 trap-days in the five main AEZs of Cameroon.
A total of 25,280 tabanids belonging to 25 species were collected, including eight species not previously documented in Cameroon, namely Tabanus latipes (1 female), Tabanus ricardae (1 female), Tabanus fasciatus (32 females and 6 males), Haematopota pluvialis (18 females), Haematopota decora (19 females and 3 males), Haematopota nigripennis (18 females), Chrysops distinctipennis (47 females and 5 males) and Ancala fasciata (34 females and 7 males). The distribution maps of the newly identified tabanids differed between AEZs, with most tabanids collected from the Guinean savanna. The highest apparent density of tabanids was recorded in the Sudan Savanna region, and the mean apparent densities of species with sites was statistically significantly different (Student t-test: 2.519, df = 24, P = 0.019). The highest species diversity was found in the rainforest.
This study increased the list of tabanids recorded in Cameroon from 84 species in the preliminary record to 92 species, with most of the newly identified species occurring in the Guinea Savanna AEZ. The high diversity and abundance of tabanids in the livestock/wildlife interface areas of the rain forests and Sudan Savanna AEZs, respectively, suggest risk of mechanical transmission of pathogens. Investigations of the microbiota of tabanids in the different AEZs to define their role as disease vectors are proposed.
虻科是一类被忽视的吸血双翅目昆虫，尽管它们包含 4434 种，分为 144 属以上。它们是包括病毒、细菌和原生动物在内的人类和家养及野生动物的重要病原体的机械传播媒介。自 50 多年前出版了一份喀麦隆虻科的初步全国记录，确认了 84 种物种以来，需要更新信息。本研究的目的是提供喀麦隆五个主要农业生态区（AEZ）虻科物种组成、丰度和分布的最新数据。
2015 年至 2017 年，在喀麦隆五个主要 AEZ 中，使用 Nzi、Vavoua、Biconical 和 Sevi 陷阱进行了一项系统的昆虫学研究（n=106），在 604 个陷阱点共捕获了 11448 个陷阱日的虻科昆虫。
共采集到 25280 只虻科昆虫，属于 25 个物种，其中包括 8 种以前在喀麦隆没有记录的物种，即 Tabanus latipes（1 只雌性）、Tabanus ricardae（1 只雌性）、Tabanus fasciatus（32 只雌性和 6 只雄性）、Haematopota pluvialis（18 只雌性）、Haematopota decora（19 只雌性和 3 只雄性）、Haematopota nigripennis（18 只雌性）、Chrysops distinctipennis（47 只雌性和 5 只雄性）和 Ancala fasciata（34 只雌性和 7 只雄性）。新鉴定的虻科昆虫的分布图谱在 AEZ 之间存在差异，大多数虻科昆虫来自几内亚草原。在苏丹草原地区记录到的虻科昆虫的明显密度最高，并且物种的平均明显密度差异具有统计学意义（学生 t 检验：2.519，df=24，P=0.019）。在雨林中发现了最高的物种多样性。
本研究将喀麦隆记录的虻科物种从初步记录中的 84 种增加到 92 种，其中大多数新鉴定的物种出现在几内亚草原 AEZ。在雨林和苏丹草原 AEZ 的牲畜/野生动物界面地区，虻科昆虫的多样性和丰度较高，表明它们具有机械传播病原体的风险。建议对不同 AEZ 中的虻科昆虫的微生物群进行调查，以确定它们作为疾病媒介的作用。
