Audretsch David B, Fiedler Antje
Institute for Development Strategies, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN USA.
Graduate School of Management, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland, New Zealand.
J Technol Transf. 2022;47(4):1179-1197. doi: 10.1007/s10961-021-09873-2. Epub 2021 Aug 4.
Entrepreneurship and democracy are often considered complementary, but recent evidence points to a paradox that entrepreneurial activities have increased in undemocratic contexts. Exploring economic and political freedoms, this paper investigates the development of entrepreneurship in Vietnam, an economy characterised by low economic and very low political freedoms. It suggests changes in economic freedom over time influence opportunity perceptions and activities more than absolute levels. We identify key aspects of how culture and institutions have changed, which have been conducive to entrepreneurship. Overall, we show how even small increases in economic freedom stimulate entrepreneurship, even in the absence of political freedom.
创业与民主通常被视为相辅相成，但最近的证据表明存在一种悖论，即创业活动在不民主的环境中有所增加。本文通过探讨经济和政治自由，研究了越南的创业发展情况，越南是一个经济自由度低且政治自由度极低的经济体。研究表明，随着时间推移，经济自由的变化对机会认知和创业活动的影响大于绝对水平。我们确定了文化和制度发生变化的关键方面，这些变化有利于创业。总体而言，我们展示了即使在缺乏政治自由的情况下，经济自由的小幅增加也能刺激创业。
