Guryev E L, Shanwar S, Zvyagin A V, Deyev S M, Balalaeva I V
Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod, Nizhny Novgorod, 603022 Russia.
Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 117997 Russia.
Acta Naturae. 2021 Apr-Jun;13(2):16-31. doi: 10.32607/actanaturae.11180.
Creation of various photoluminescent nanomaterials has significantly expanded the arsenal of approaches used in modern biomedicine. Their unique photophysical properties can significantly improve the sensitivity and specificity of diagnostic methods, increase therapy effectiveness, and make a theranostic approach to treatment possible through the application of nanoparticle conjugates with functional macromolecules. The most widely used nanomaterials to date are semiconductor quantum dots; gold nanoclusters; carbon dots; nanodiamonds; semiconductor porous silicon; and up-conversion nanoparticles. This paper considers the promising groups of photoluminescent nanomaterials that can be used in medical biotechnology: in particular, for devising agents for optical diagnostic methods, sensorics, and various types of therapy.
各种光致发光纳米材料的创制显著扩充了现代生物医学中所采用方法的范围。它们独特的光物理性质能够显著提高诊断方法的灵敏度和特异性，增强治疗效果，并通过将纳米颗粒与功能大分子共轭应用，使治疗诊断一体化方法成为可能。迄今为止使用最为广泛的纳米材料有半导体量子点、金纳米簇、碳点、纳米金刚石、半导体多孔硅以及上转换纳米颗粒。本文探讨了可用于医学生物技术的有前景的光致发光纳米材料类别：特别是用于设计光学诊断方法、传感技术及各类治疗的试剂。
